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Why is the DBP bit not set to '1'

JongOk Baek
Associate III

‎2025-03-17 9:51 PM - edited ‎2025-03-17 9:58 PM

Hello,

 

I designed a similar board using STM32H743ZIT6 and STM32H743VIT6. (Rev. V)

The board works fine normally.

It has been in production for 3 years already.

 

Boards that have already been produced and shipped sometimes become unusable. (since a few months ago)

We retrieved the board and debugged it.

 

In the code below, it stays in Error_Handle() due to Time Out.

 

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Supply configuration update enable
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ConfigSupply(PWR_LDO_SUPPLY);
  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  while(!__HAL_PWR_GET_FLAG(PWR_FLAG_VOSRDY)) {}

  /* Enable D2 domain SRAM3 Clock (0x30040000 AXI)*/
 __HAL_RCC_D2SRAM3_CLK_ENABLE();

  /** Macro to configure the PLL clock source
  */
  HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();
  __HAL_RCC_LSEDRIVE_CONFIG(RCC_LSEDRIVE_LOW);
  /** Macro to configure the PLL clock source
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PLL_PLLSOURCE_CONFIG(RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE);
  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.LSEState = RCC_LSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.LSIState = RCC_LSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 5;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 160;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 8;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLL1VCIRANGE_2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLVCOSEL = RCC_PLL1VCOWIDE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D3PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D1PCLK1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_APB3_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_APB1_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_APB2_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB4CLKDivider = RCC_APB4_DIV2;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC|RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART3
      |RCC_PERIPHCLK_LPUART1|RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART2
      |RCC_PERIPHCLK_UART4|RCC_PERIPHCLK_UART7
      |RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART6|RCC_PERIPHCLK_FDCAN
      |RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART1|RCC_PERIPHCLK_UART8
      |RCC_PERIPHCLK_UART5|RCC_PERIPHCLK_SDMMC
      |RCC_PERIPHCLK_USB;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3M = 25;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3N = 192;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3P = 2;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3Q = 4;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3R = 2;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3RGE = RCC_PLL3VCIRANGE_0;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3VCOSEL = RCC_PLL3VCOWIDE;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL3.PLL3FRACN = 0;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.SdmmcClockSelection = RCC_SDMMCCLKSOURCE_PLL;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.FdcanClockSelection = RCC_FDCANCLKSOURCE_PLL;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.Usart234578ClockSelection = RCC_USART234578CLKSOURCE_D2PCLK1;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.Usart16ClockSelection = RCC_USART16CLKSOURCE_D2PCLK2;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.UsbClockSelection = RCC_USBCLKSOURCE_PLL3;
  PeriphClkInitStruct.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSE;

  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  HAL_RCC_MCOConfig(RCC_MCO1, RCC_MCO1SOURCE_HSE, RCC_MCODIV_1);
  /** Enable USB Voltage detector
  */
  HAL_PWREx_EnableUSBVoltageDetector();
}
View more

 

 

it call HAL_RCC_OscConfig() in SystemClock_Config() above.

And a timeout occurs in the part where DBP is set to 1 for LSE initialization.

 

__weak HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_RCC_OscConfig(RCC_OscInitTypeDef  *RCC_OscInitStruct)
{
  uint32_t tickstart;
  uint32_t temp1_pllckcfg, temp2_pllckcfg;

    /* Check Null pointer */
  if(RCC_OscInitStruct == NULL)
  {
    return HAL_ERROR;
  }

  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE(RCC_OscInitStruct->OscillatorType));
  /*------------------------------- HSE Configuration ------------------------*/
  if(((RCC_OscInitStruct->OscillatorType) & RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE) == RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE)
  {
    /* Check the parameters */
    assert_param(IS_RCC_HSE(RCC_OscInitStruct->HSEState));

    const uint32_t temp_sysclksrc=__HAL_RCC_GET_SYSCLK_SOURCE();
    const uint32_t temp_pllckselr = RCC->PLLCKSELR;
    /* When the HSE is used as system clock or clock source for PLL in these cases HSE will not disabled */
    if((temp_sysclksrc== RCC_CFGR_SWS_HSE) || ((temp_sysclksrc== RCC_CFGR_SWS_PLL1) && ((temp_pllckselr & RCC_PLLCKSELR_PLLSRC) == RCC_PLLCKSELR_PLLSRC_HSE)))
    {
      if((__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_HSERDY) != 0U) && (RCC_OscInitStruct->HSEState == RCC_HSE_OFF))
      {
        return HAL_ERROR;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      /* Set the new HSE configuration ---------------------------------------*/
      __HAL_RCC_HSE_CONFIG(RCC_OscInitStruct->HSEState);

      /* Check the HSE State */
      if(RCC_OscInitStruct->HSEState != RCC_HSE_OFF)
      {
        /* Get Start Tick*/
        tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

        /* Wait till HSE is ready */
        while(__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_HSERDY) == 0U)
        {
          if((uint32_t) (HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > HSE_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
          {
            return HAL_TIMEOUT;
          }
        }
      }
      else
      {
        /* Get Start Tick*/
        tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

        /* Wait till HSE is disabled */
        while(__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_HSERDY) != 0U)
        {
          if((uint32_t) (HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > HSE_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
          {
            return HAL_TIMEOUT;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // ... //

  /*------------------------------ LSE Configuration -------------------------*/
  if(((RCC_OscInitStruct->OscillatorType) & RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSE) == RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSE)
  {
    /* Check the parameters */
    assert_param(IS_RCC_LSE(RCC_OscInitStruct->LSEState));

    /* Enable write access to Backup domain */
    PWR->CR1 |= PWR_CR1_DBP;

    /* Wait for Backup domain Write protection disable */
    tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

    while((PWR->CR1 & PWR_CR1_DBP) == 0U)
    {
      if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > RCC_DBP_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
      {
        return HAL_TIMEOUT;
      }
    }

    /* Set the new LSE configuration -----------------------------------------*/
    __HAL_RCC_LSE_CONFIG(RCC_OscInitStruct->LSEState);
    /* Check the LSE State */
    if((RCC_OscInitStruct->LSEState) != RCC_LSE_OFF)
    {
      /* Get Start Tick*/
      tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

      /* Wait till LSE is ready */
      while(__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_LSERDY) == 0U)
      {
        if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > RCC_LSE_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
        {
          return HAL_TIMEOUT;
        }
      }
    }
    else
    {
      /* Get Start Tick*/
      tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

      /* Wait till LSE is disabled */
      while(__HAL_RCC_GET_FLAG(RCC_FLAG_LSERDY) != 0U)
      {
        if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > RCC_LSE_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
        {
          return HAL_TIMEOUT;
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
View more

 

 

In other words, the timeout occurs where DBP is set to 1 in PWR_CR1 and waits.

 

    /* Enable write access to Backup domain */
    PWR->CR1 |= PWR_CR1_DBP;

    /* Wait for Backup domain Write protection disable */
    tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

    while((PWR->CR1 & PWR_CR1_DBP) == 0U)
    {
      if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > RCC_DBP_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
      {
        return HAL_TIMEOUT;
      }
    }

 

I am curious as to why there's a timeout here, and why it waits here unlike other codes?

 

By any chance, does this happen when DBP is already 1 and I set it back to 1?

 

Finally, this symptom goes away then the battery is removed from VBAT.

 

Thank you for reading this article.

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2 REPLIES 2
STOne-32
ST Employee

‎2025-03-17 11:47 PM

Dear @JongOk Baek ,

 

As the board was running for 3 Years and only recently this behavior is observed,  also 
the symptom goes away when the battery is removed from VBAT.  it might be an issue with the power supply ( VBAT)  or the state of the backup domain, it might lead to unexpected behavior.   if possible, to share your schematics and also check between a working board and non-working board the status of VBAT pin / Back up domain registers and flags set/reset ?  

 

Hope it helps you.

STOne-32.

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JongOk Baek
Associate III
In response to STOne-32

‎2025-03-18 12:02 AM

Dear STOne-32,

Thanks for your reply.

First of all, there is an expression of misunderstanding.

It has been n production for 3 years, and occurs in recently produced board.

 

These symptoms do not appear easily.

 

So, I don't have the error board.

 

I want to comment out the waiting code.

    /* Wait for Backup domain Write protection disable */
    tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

    while((PWR->CR1 & PWR_CR1_DBP) == 0U)
    {
      if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart ) > RCC_DBP_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
      {
        return HAL_TIMEOUT;
      }
    }

Without this part, it seems possible to proceed next.

Because, the other code does not wait in SystemClock_Config() function.

  /** Macro to configure the PLL clock source
  */
  HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();
  __HAL_RCC_LSEDRIVE_CONFIG(RCC_LSEDRIVE_LOW);

 

It seems like it won't go into an infinite loop because of the Error_Handle().

 

Best regards,

JongOk, Baek

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