How to interface 15 ADCs with STM32H723

[MDett]

Hi All,

I want to build a system to sense 240 low current signals at 20kSPS at the same time using 15 ADC with 16 channels each (DDC316 by Texas Instruments, Datasheet: https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ddc316.pdf). I intend to use something like the NUCLEO-H723ZG to drive this system.

My question is: Is it possible to use OctoSPI to connect to 8 ADCs at the same time?
As far as I can see from the datasheet the sorting of the data will be wrong since the interface expects a parallel data input but maybe I am missing a setting that allows for my use case.

A secondary option would be using multiplexed QuadSPI. Something like this seems to be intended for the ADC, as it features a 4-datalane communication mode. However, again the data sorting (page 13 on ADC datasheet) is different from all the documentation I was able to find on QuadSPI (for example RM0468 or AN5050).

I would be very greatful for any input on this issue and appreciate any support.

Best regards
Marco

[KDJEM.1]

Hello @MDett and welcome to the community;

In order to start, you need verify if the OCTOSPI interface is supported by the ADC device. The command format and order shared in the device datasheet must be aligned with the command format and order mentioned in the STM32 reference.

According the reference manual, in Regular-command protocol, the OCTOSPI communicates with the external device using commands. Each command can include the following phases:
• Instruction phase
• Address phase
• Alternate-byte phase
• Dummy-cycle phase
• Data phase
Any of these phases can be configured to be skipped but, in case of single-phase command, the only use case supported is instruction-phase-only.

Could you please check with which phase can this ADC operate?

In this FAQ: How to connect two quad-SPI memories using only one OCTOSPI - STMicroelectronics Community you can find an example on how to connect two devices (quad memories) using one OCTOSPI.

Thank you.

Kaouthar

[Michal Dudka]

If I understand correctly, you need to capture serial data stream from 15 ADCs, each ADC sends you 256 data bits (16 channels multiply 16bits). SPI clock frequency have to be at least 20ksps*256=5.12MHz. 

You can use for example PSSI (paralel) interface to capture 15 "bit" words. Global clock and CONV signal then can be generated by timer. Disadvantage of this solution is the need to subsequently bitwise rearrange the data...

[MDett]

Hello @KDJEM.1 ,

thank you for your reply.

The ADC does not directly suppoer OCTOSPI, however I am trying to figure out if this interface can be used to read out eight separate singele SPI channels in parallel (from eight ADCs). So for OCTOSPI this would entail using the data phase and some mode or data format (memory type?), that handles the datasorting in a way, that all ADC data is separated correctly. 

Is this possible?

Thank you.
Marco

[MDett]

Hello Michale,

Thank you for your reply.

Yes that is correct. I looke into using PSSI but as you mentioned this would entail rearranging the data bits, which would also have to be done if for example FMC or XSPI is used in a parallel data mode. 
I am not too fimiliar with the inner workings of the MCU so I was wondering if there is a way to either use one of those interfaces in a way that the data is sorted correctly or maybe setup 15 clocked FIFOs to retreive the data.

Best regards
Marco

[Ozone]

> I want to build a system to sense 240 low current signals at 20kSPS at the same time using 15 ADC with 16 channels each ..

Sorry, to me that sounds much like a design nightmare and a bad idea reliability-wise.
Unless you have a very specific use case that exactly requires this configuration.

As a user of such a system, I would rather prefer an expandable platform with options to scale up. Just saying ...

[KDJEM.1]

Hello @MDett ,

The OCTOSPI supports the single-SPI mode to allow just a single bit to be sent/received serially. 
The different phases can each be configured separately to use this single-SPI mode by setting to 001 the IMODE, ADMODE, ABMODE, and DMODE fields in OCTOSPI_CCR and OCTOSPI_WCCR.
In each phase configured in single-SPI mode:
• IO0 (SO) is in output mode.
• IO1 (SI) is in input mode (high impedance).
• IO2 is in output mode and forced to 0 (to deactivate the “write protect” function).
• IO3 is in output mode and forced to 1 (to deactivate the “hold” function).
• IO4 to IO7 are in output mode and forced to 0.

The memory type MTYP[2:0]  must be used for 8-line modes. The memory type has no impact in Single-SPI and Quad-SPI mode.

Please refer to the RM0468 precisely section 25 Octo-SPI interface (OCTOSPI).

->I am trying to figure out if this interface can be used to read out eight separate singele SPI channels in parallel (from eight ADCs).

I advice you to refer to this article How to connect two quad-SPI memories using only on... - STMicroelectronics Community and the STM32H723 datasheet and check the maximum number of ADCs can be connected according the package used.

Thank you.

Kaouthar

[MDett]

Hello @KDJEM.1 ,

thank you again. 

The ADC datasheet does not mention QuadSPI specifically. It shows the following graphic in the datasheed.

This implies a version of QuadSPI that does not parallelize all data but splits the channels to different lanes.
Is there a memory format/setting for the QSPI or OCTOSPI interface, that adheres to this data format?
From what I found the forum post on QSPI memory as well as  RM0468 section 25  this is not intended. Is this correct or am I missing some function?

Best regards
Marco

[MDett]

@Ozone I agree this is not a very neat solution. Is there a better/more common way to measure this number of current signals at 20kSPS? 

[Michal Dudka · Accepted solution]

What about to use external hardware to reformat ADC outputs ? Probably simple shift register can help. Set ADC to output on single line (256bit frame), route it to shift register (with parallel output). Then generate 16 tick burst on clock and then read paralel output by FMC/PSSI/GPIO+DMA.and then next 16 ticks etc... generaly deserialize ADC output. Or use some CPLD to do that.

Alternatively check how many serial interfaces have your STM. SPI, QSPI, OSPI, also UARTs are able to do synchronous read, and probably also SAI should be able to read SPI frames.Datasheet claims 
"Up to 6 SPIs (+ up to 5 with USART + 2 with OCTOSPI) + SAI probably can make 15 interfaces...