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UART configuration directly with registers, NUCLEO-H563ZI board

G-Poulios
Associate II

I am using the NUCLEO-H563ZI board and I am trying to configure the UART2 using only registers.

I started by creating a fresh and simple new code with STM32CubeIDE for UART transmit because I wanted to use a simple uart_transmit function but I had trouble making it work until I activated the USB as Host_Only from the .ioc

Pinout & Configuration and only then was I able to use the HAL_UART_Transmit to send a text to a terminal and I would like to know why that is.

 

Then I want to be able to configure the UART2 directly with the registers but then the code breaks how can I make this work? Thank you.

 

 

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file : main.c * @brief : Main program body ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved. * * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file * in the root directory of this software component. * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. * ****************************************************************************** */ /* USER CODE END Header */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "main.h" #include "app_usbx_host.h" /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */ /* USER CODE END Includes */ /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */ /* USER CODE END PTD */ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */ /* USER CODE END PD */ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */ /* USER CODE END PM */ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ UART_HandleTypeDef huart2; HCD_HandleTypeDef hhcd_USB_DRD_FS; /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */ /* USER CODE END PV */ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ void SystemClock_Config(void); static void MX_GPIO_Init(void); static void MX_ICACHE_Init(void); static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void); static void MX_USB_HCD_Init(void); /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */ uint8_t data[] = "HELLO WORLD \r\n"; /* USER CODE END PFP */ /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */ void HAL_UART_TxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart) { HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, data, sizeof (data), 1000); } /* USER CODE END 0 */ /** * @brief The application entry point. * @retval int */ int main(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ /* USER CODE END 1 */ /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */ HAL_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */ /* USER CODE END Init */ /* Configure the system clock */ SystemClock_Config(); /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */ /* USER CODE END SysInit */ /* Initialize all configured peripherals */ MX_GPIO_Init(); MX_ICACHE_Init(); MX_USART2_UART_Init(); MX_USB_HCD_Init(); MX_USBX_Host_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */ /* USER CODE END 2 */ /* Infinite loop */ /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */ while (1) { /* USER CODE END WHILE */ /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */ HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, data, sizeof (data), 1000); HAL_Delay (1000); } /* USER CODE END 3 */ } /** * @brief System Clock Configuration * @retval None */ void SystemClock_Config(void) { RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0}; RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0}; /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage */ __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE0); while(!__HAL_PWR_GET_FLAG(PWR_FLAG_VOSRDY)) {} /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */ RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI48|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_CSI; RCC_OscInitStruct.HSI48State = RCC_HSI48_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.CSIState = RCC_CSI_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.CSICalibrationValue = RCC_CSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLL1_SOURCE_CSI; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 1; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 125; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLL1_VCIRANGE_2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLVCOSEL = RCC_PLL1_VCORANGE_WIDE; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0; if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */ RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2 |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK3; RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK; RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1; if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } } /** * @brief ICACHE Initialization Function * None * @retval None */ static void MX_ICACHE_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN ICACHE_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE END ICACHE_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN ICACHE_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END ICACHE_Init 1 */ /** Enable instruction cache (default 2-ways set associative cache) */ if (HAL_ICACHE_Enable() != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN ICACHE_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END ICACHE_Init 2 */ } /** * @brief USART2 Initialization Function * None * @retval None */ static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */ RCC->AHB2ENR |= RCC_AHB2ENR_GPIODEN; // ENABLE GPIO PORT D CLOCK (BIT 0) RCC->APB1LENR |= RCC_APB1LENR_USART2EN; // ENABLE UART2 CLOCK (BIT 14) ///* GPIOD->MODER &= ~((3u << 10) // CLEAR PD5 |(3u << 12)); // CLEAR PD6 // SET PIN MODES GPIOD->MODER |= ((2u << 10) // SET PD5 TO AF |(2u << 12)); // SET PD6 TO AF GPIOD->AFR[2] &= ~((15u << 20) // CLEAR PD5 AF |(15u << 24)); // CLEAR PD6 AF // SET ALTERNATE FUNCTION GPIOD->AFR[2] |= ((7u << 20) // SET PD5 AF |(7u << 24)); // SET PD6 AF //*/ USART2->CR1 &= ~(USART_CR1_M1 // CLEAR M1 FOR 1 START BIT AND 8 DATA BITS (28) |(0x03 << 26) // INHIBIT INTERRUPTS AT BITS 26 AND 27 (27/26) |USART_CR1_OVER8 // OVERSAMPLING BY 16 (15) |USART_CR1_CMIE // INHIBIT CHARACTER MATCH INTERRUPT (14) |USART_CR1_MME // DON'T ENABLE MUTE MODE (13) |USART_CR1_M0 // CLEAR M0 FOR 1 START BIT AND 8 DATA BITS (12) |USART_CR1_PCE // NOT IMPLEMENTING PARITY CONTROL (10) |(0x1F << 3) // INHIBIT INTERRUPTS AT BITS 4 TO 8 (4-8) |USART_CR1_TE // DON'T ENABLE TRANSMITTER JUST YET (3) |USART_CR1_RE // DON'T ENABLE RECEIVER JUST YET (2) |USART_CR1_UE); // DON'T ENABLE UART2 JUST YET (0) // CONFIGURE USART CR2 REGISTER // CLEAR BITS USART2->CR2 &= ~(USART_CR2_RTOEN // DISABLE RECEIVER TIMEOUT (23) |USART_CR2_ABREN // NO AUTOMATIC BAUD RATE DETECTION (20) |USART_CR2_MSBFIRST // TRANSMIT/RECEIVE LSB FIRST (19) |(0x03 << 16) // IDLE STATE HIGH FOR RX/TX PINS (17/16) |USART_CR2_SWAP // DON'T SWAP FUNCTION OF RX/TX PINS (15) |USART_CR2_LINEN // NO LIN MODE (14) |(0x03 << 12) // 1 STOP BIT (13/12) |USART_CR2_CLKEN // DON'T USE CLOCK WITH UART (11) |USART_CR2_LBDIE); // NO LIN BREAK DETECTION INTERRUPT (6) // CONFIGURE USART CR3 REGISTER // CLEAR BITS USART2->CR3 &= ~(USART_CR3_TCBGTIE // NO TRANSMISSION COMPLETE BEFORE GUART TIME INTERRUPT (24) |USART_CR3_DEM // NO DRIVER ENABLE MODE (14) |(0x7F << 3) // DISABLE VARIOUS IRRELEVANT MODES (9-3) |USART_CR3_IREN // NO IrDA MODE (1) |USART_CR3_EIE); // INHIBIT ERROR INTERRUPT (0) // SET BITS USART2->CR3 |= (USART_CR3_OVRDIS // DISABLE OVERRUN FUNCTIONALITY (12) |USART_CR3_ONEBIT); // USE ONE SAMPLE BIT METHOD (11) // SET BAUD RATE IN BRR REGISTER USART2->BRR = 2170; // VALUE THAT SETS BAUD RATE TO 115,200 AT INPUT FREQUENCY OF 4MHZ // ENABLE UART USART2->CR1 |= (USART_CR1_TE // ENABLE TRANSMITTER (3) |USART_CR1_RE // ENABLE RECEIVER (2) |USART_CR1_UE); // ENABLE UART2 (0) /* USART2->CR1 = 0x00; // Clear ALL USART2->CR1 |= (1<<13); // UE = 1... Enable USART USART2->BRR = 2170; // Baud rate of 115200, PCLK1 at 45MHz USART2->CR1 |= (1<<2); // RE=1.. Enable the Receiver USART2->CR1 |= (1<<3); */ /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */ /* huart2.Instance = USART2; huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200; huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B; huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1; huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE; huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX; huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE; huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16; huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE; huart2.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1; huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT; */ if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart2, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart2, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart2) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */ } /** * @brief USB Initialization Function * None * @retval None */ static void MX_USB_HCD_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE END USB_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END USB_Init 1 */ hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Instance = USB_DRD_FS; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.dev_endpoints = 8; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.Host_channels = 8; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.speed = USBD_FS_SPEED; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.phy_itface = HCD_PHY_EMBEDDED; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.Sof_enable = DISABLE; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.low_power_enable = DISABLE; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.vbus_sensing_enable = DISABLE; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.bulk_doublebuffer_enable = DISABLE; hhcd_USB_DRD_FS.Init.iso_singlebuffer_enable = DISABLE; if (HAL_HCD_Init(&hhcd_USB_DRD_FS) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END USB_Init 2 */ } /** * @brief GPIO Initialization Function * None * @retval None */ static void MX_GPIO_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */ /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */ /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */ __HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE(); /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */ /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */ } /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */ /* USER CODE END 4 */ /** * @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence. * @retval None */ void Error_Handler(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */ /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */ __disable_irq(); while (1) { } /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */ } #ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT /** * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * file: pointer to the source file name * line: assert_param error line source number * @retval None */ void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */ /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */ /* USER CODE END 6 */ } #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
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5 REPLIES 5
gbm
Principal

There is no AFR[2] register. The bits you want to set are in AFR[0].

 

Don't do logic operations on USART CRx registers. Simply write the proper values to them. For basic setup. you only need to set BRR and CR1 - two assignments are enough.

My STM32 stuff on github - compact USB device stack and more: https://github.com/gbm-ii/gbmUSBdevice

Thank you but it still doesn't work

 

static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */ RCC->AHB2ENR |= RCC_AHB2ENR_GPIODEN; // ENABLE GPIO PORT D CLOCK (BIT 0) RCC->APB1LENR |= RCC_APB1LENR_USART2EN; // ENABLE UART2 CLOCK (BIT 14) ///* GPIOD->MODER &= ~((3u << 10) // CLEAR PD5 |(3u << 12)); // CLEAR PD6 // SET PIN MODES GPIOD->MODER |= ((2u << 10) // SET PD5 TO AF |(2u << 12)); // SET PD6 TO AF GPIOD->AFR[0] &= ~((15u << 20) // CLEAR PD5 AF |(15u << 24)); // CLEAR PD6 AF // SET ALTERNATE FUNCTION GPIOD->AFR[0] |= ((7u << 20) // SET PD5 AF |(7u << 24)); // SET PD6 AF USART2->CR1 &= ~(USART_CR1_M1 // CLEAR M1 FOR 1 START BIT AND 8 DATA BITS (28) |(0x03 << 26) // INHIBIT INTERRUPTS AT BITS 26 AND 27 (27/26) |USART_CR1_OVER8 // OVERSAMPLING BY 16 (15) |USART_CR1_CMIE // INHIBIT CHARACTER MATCH INTERRUPT (14) |USART_CR1_MME // DON'T ENABLE MUTE MODE (13) |USART_CR1_M0 // CLEAR M0 FOR 1 START BIT AND 8 DATA BITS (12) |USART_CR1_PCE // NOT IMPLEMENTING PARITY CONTROL (10) |(0x1F << 3) // INHIBIT INTERRUPTS AT BITS 4 TO 8 (4-8) |USART_CR1_TE // DON'T ENABLE TRANSMITTER JUST YET (3) |USART_CR1_RE // DON'T ENABLE RECEIVER JUST YET (2) |USART_CR1_UE); // DON'T ENABLE UART2 JUST YET (0) // SET BAUD RATE IN BRR REGISTER USART2->BRR = 2170; // VALUE THAT SETS BAUD RATE TO 115,200 AT INPUT FREQUENCY OF 250MHZ // ENABLE UART USART2->CR1 |= (USART_CR1_TE // ENABLE TRANSMITTER (3) |USART_CR1_RE // ENABLE RECEIVER (2) |USART_CR1_UE); // ENABLE UART2 (0) /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */ */ if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart2, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart2, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart2) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */ }
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also I see the clock config for the UART2 and it's 250MHz from the PCLK1, should I change that?

GPoulios_0-1712908160197.png

 

 

> it still doesn't work

What does this mean? What are the symptoms and how are they different from the expectations?

You still don't directly write values to the UART registers, as @gbm said above.

You are calling HAL_UART_Init() and other HAL stuff. Don't you think that overrides the registers you've just written?

Read out and check/post content of UART and relevant GPIO registers.

JW

 

The expectation is the

HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, data, sizeof (data), 1000);

 to transmit/write to a terminal 

HAL_UART_Transmit (&huart2, data, sizeof (data), 1000);

And as for the HAL overwriting the changes, well that's what I am asking, how can I deviate from the HAL libraries and start using exclusively the the registers(that's the end goal), but for now I am trying to do it bit by bit to debug cause I haven't found almost any examples for stm32h563zi specifically or any that I could make them work for my application.

Cube/HAL is open source, you can have a look what does it do. Alternatively, just don't use it at all.

Observe UART and GPIO registers content.

Observe the UART Tx pin using oscilloscope/logic analyzer.

JW