Communicating with QSPI nor-flash via OctoSPI (OSPI) [STM32H730VBT6]

[GCern.1]

Hello, I have a very basic setup of OSPI1 on STM32H730VBT and I am trying to read the 1st Status Register of the Winbond W25Q128JV.

Environment

• STM32CubeMX: 6.5.0
• STM32Cube_FW_H7_V1.10.0
• STM32CubeIDE Version: 1.9.0 Build: 12015_20220302_0855 (UTC)

Hardware

A custom board with STM32H730VBT and Winbond W25Q128JV connected via OSPI1.

Code

Generated OSPI init code

void MX_OCTOSPI1_Init(void)
{
 
  /* USER CODE BEGIN OCTOSPI1_Init 0 */
 
  /* USER CODE END OCTOSPI1_Init 0 */
 
  OSPIM_CfgTypeDef sOspiManagerCfg = {0};
 
  /* USER CODE BEGIN OCTOSPI1_Init 1 */
 
  /* USER CODE END OCTOSPI1_Init 1 */
  hospi1.Instance = OCTOSPI1;
  hospi1.Init.FifoThreshold = 1;
  hospi1.Init.DualQuad = HAL_OSPI_DUALQUAD_DISABLE;
  hospi1.Init.MemoryType = HAL_OSPI_MEMTYPE_MICRON;
  hospi1.Init.DeviceSize = 24;
  hospi1.Init.ChipSelectHighTime = 1;
  hospi1.Init.FreeRunningClock = HAL_OSPI_FREERUNCLK_DISABLE;
  hospi1.Init.ClockMode = HAL_OSPI_CLOCK_MODE_0;
  hospi1.Init.WrapSize = HAL_OSPI_WRAP_NOT_SUPPORTED;
  hospi1.Init.ClockPrescaler = 1; /* HCLK3 is already 65MHz */
  hospi1.Init.SampleShifting = HAL_OSPI_SAMPLE_SHIFTING_NONE;
  hospi1.Init.DelayHoldQuarterCycle = HAL_OSPI_DHQC_DISABLE;
  hospi1.Init.ChipSelectBoundary = 0;
  hospi1.Init.DelayBlockBypass = HAL_OSPI_DELAY_BLOCK_BYPASSED;
  hospi1.Init.MaxTran = 0;
  hospi1.Init.Refresh = 0;
  if (HAL_OSPI_Init(&hospi1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sOspiManagerCfg.ClkPort = 1;
  sOspiManagerCfg.NCSPort = 1;
  sOspiManagerCfg.DQSPort = 0;
  sOspiManagerCfg.IOLowPort = HAL_OSPIM_IOPORT_1_LOW;
  sOspiManagerCfg.IOHighPort = HAL_OSPIM_IOPORT_NONE;
  sOspiManagerCfg.Req2AckTime = 1; /* required when full assert is enabled... */
  if (HAL_OSPIM_Config(&hospi1, &sOspiManagerCfg, HAL_OSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN OCTOSPI1_Init 2 */
 
  /* USER CODE END OCTOSPI1_Init 2 */
 
}
 
void HAL_OSPI_MspInit(OSPI_HandleTypeDef* ospiHandle)
{
 
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInitStruct = {0};
  if(ospiHandle->Instance==OCTOSPI1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN OCTOSPI1_MspInit 0 */
 
  /* USER CODE END OCTOSPI1_MspInit 0 */
 
  /** Initializes the peripherals clock
  */
    PeriphClkInitStruct.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_OSPI;
    PeriphClkInitStruct.OspiClockSelection = RCC_OSPICLKSOURCE_D1HCLK;
    if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
 
    /* OCTOSPI1 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_OCTOSPIM_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_OSPI1_CLK_ENABLE();
 
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOE_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**OCTOSPI1 GPIO Configuration
    PE2     ------> OCTOSPIM_P1_IO2
    PB2     ------> OCTOSPIM_P1_CLK
    PD11     ------> OCTOSPIM_P1_IO0
    PD13     ------> OCTOSPIM_P1_IO3
    PC10     ------> OCTOSPIM_P1_IO1
    PB6     ------> OCTOSPIM_P1_NCS
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF9_OCTOSPIM_P1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStruct);
 
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF9_OCTOSPIM_P1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
 
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_13;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF9_OCTOSPIM_P1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStruct);
 
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF9_OCTOSPIM_P1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);
 
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF10_OCTOSPIM_P1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
 
  /* USER CODE BEGIN OCTOSPI1_MspInit 1 */
 
  /* USER CODE END OCTOSPI1_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

PS: `sOspiManagerCfg` init is slightly modified to not produce an error when full assert is enabled but `Req2AckTime` is not set by the STM32CubeMX.

Status Register 1 (SR1) read code

uint8_t reg = 0U;
OSPI_RegularCmdTypeDef cmd = {
		.Instruction = 0x05,
		.InstructionMode = HAL_OSPI_INSTRUCTION_1_LINE,
		.DataMode = HAL_OSPI_DATA_1_LINE,
		.AddressMode = HAL_OSPI_ADDRESS_NONE,
		.NbData = 1U,
		.DummyCycles = 0U
};
 
hal_ret = HAL_OSPI_Command(&hospi1, &cmd, HAL_OSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE);
if (hal_ret != HAL_OK) {
	return hal_ret;
}
 
 
hal_ret = HAL_OSPI_Receive(&hospi1, &reg, HAL_OSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE);
if (hal_ret != HAL_OK) {
	return hal_ret;
}
 
return HAL_OK;

Current

• Missing CLK on PB2
• Not HAL errors
• The SR1 read as `0x00`

Expected

• PB2 CLK signal
• Non zero SR1

Everything works perfectly when using QSPI on STM32H750 (same board, same clock configuration output [doesn't exceed < Max 133MHz for O/QSPI]). However, when Octo-SPI (OSPI) is used, then nothing is being read. It looks like the CLK signal is not present.

Any ideas what can be tried out?

[Tesla DeLorean]

Do you have a UART available for debug on this board? Which ports/pins?

sOspiManagerCfg.IOHighPort = HAL_OSPIM_IOPORT_NONE; // ??

Try

sOspiManagerCfg.IOHighPort = HAL_OSPIM_IOPORT_1_HIGH;

hospi1.Init.ChipSelectHighTime = 2;

hospi1.Init.ClockPrescaler = 4; // Perhaps shoot for 50-100 MHz

Had Winbond/Macronix parts working on NUCLEO-H723ZG here

[GCern.1]

@Community member​ ,

sOspiManagerCfg.IOHighPort = HAL_OSPIM_IOPORT_1_HIGH;

why?

Mentioned Winbond NOR-Flash is a Quad Mode (max) flash and OSPI has to be used in Quad Mode (Data[3:0]) - therefore, STM32CubeMX won't even generate `IOHighPort` setting, as it is equal to `0` anyway.

The

HAL_OSPIM_IOPORT_NONE

was added to be explicit here.

hospi1.Init.ClockPrescaler = 4;

The HCLK3 used as OSPI clock source is already 65MHz which is already within propose frequency range.

hospi1.Init.ChipSelectHighTime = 2;

Shouldn't play a big role here. Tried, no difference.

[GCern.1]

@Community member​,

U(S)ARTs are off (serial wire debug is enabled),

LDO (STM32H730VBT6 MCU).

STM32CubeMX

OSPI

Clock 

[Tesla DeLorean]

I don't use CubeMX to program, like I said have QSPI devices working on NUCLEO-H723ZG, and also H7A3

Nevermind, probably high/low bank of pins thru the mux, just scanning code differences.

I can port the test code,need to know external clock source, LDO/SMPS, usable UART

[Andreas Bolsch]

Checking with read status register won't be indicative, as 0x00 is a perfectly legal (and expected) value. Try Read ID command 0x9F instead.

Furthermore, inspect all OctoSPI registers after each HAL call and compare their contents against RM, in particular OCTOSPI_SR might give a clue.

[Tesla DeLorean]

This should output via SWV, running at 130 MHz

[GCern.1 · Accepted solution]

@Andreas Bolsch​, @Community member​, thank you for the assistance. The issue turned out to be the clock.