NUCLEO-L4R5ZI-P Virtual COM Port Not Working - No UART Output

[rachaelg-b]

Hello STM32 Community,

I'm having trouble getting UART communication working on my NUCLEO-L4R5ZI-P board and would appreciate any guidance.

Board Details:

• NUCLEO-L4R5ZI-P with STM32L4R5ZIT6PU
• ST-Link firmware updated to the latest version
• Programming/debugging works fine
• LED control works perfectly

Problem: No UART output appears in any terminal program, despite testing multiple configurations. The virtual COM port is detected by both macOS and Windows, but no TX activity occurs (TX indicator never lights up in terminal programs).

What I've Tested:

1. USART2 on PD5/PD6 (as shown in STM32CubeIDE pin configuration)
2. USART3 on PD8/PD9 (based on datasheet D0/D1 assignments)
3. LPUART1 on PG7/PG8 (documented as virtual COM port option)
4. USART2 on PA2/PA3 (standard NUCLEO configuration)
5. Multiple alternate function mappings (AF7, AF8)
6. Different baud rates (9600, 38400, 115200)
7. Tested on both Mac (CoolTerm) and Windows (PuTTY)

Hardware Verification:

• Solder bridges SB130 and SB131 have resistors (closed)
• GPIO test on PD5 works (LED blinks when configured as output)
• ST-Link enumerates correctly on USB
• Virtual COM port appears in device manager

Sample Code Tested ( I can upload the full code if that is helpful):

// Basic USART2 test on PD5
RCC_AHB2ENR |= (1U << 3); // Enable GPIOD
RCC_APB1ENR1 |= (1U << 17); // Enable USART2
GPIOD_MODER |= (2U << 10); // PD5 alternate function
GPIOD_AFRL |= (7U << 20); // AF7
USART2_BRR = 417; // 9600 baud @ 4MHz
USART2_CR1 = (1U << 3) | (1U << 0); // TE | UE
// Send loop with TXE flag checking

Questions:

1. Does the NUCLEO-L4R5ZI-P use a different UART/pin configuration than documented?
2. Are there additional initialisation steps required for this board variant?
3. Could there be a hardware defect with the virtual COM port on some units?
4. Are there any known solder bridge configurations specific to this board?

Any insights would be greatly appreciated. I've exhausted the standard troubleshooting approaches and am wondering if this board variant has specific requirements I'm missing.

Thank you for your time and assistance.

[MM..1]

Maybe better is open schematic and no to shoot blindy.

Then use only LPUART1 for testing... And sorry but your bare metal tests "basic" is absurd

[rachaelg-b]

Thank you for your response. I looked at the schematic and tried the LPUART1. I checked that the solder bridge is closed on the board as well, but it is still not working. I understand that the bare metal coding is not the best, and I first tried using the standard setup on STMCubeIDE and coding with the HAL libraries, but couldn't get anything to work (not even an LED to flash). That is why I resorted to bare metal coding because I have been able to directly get the pins to work through this, but have not been successful with UART communication. Any suggestions on why the LPUART isn't working? I have included my full code, which I used to test this, below.

/*

* LPUART1 Test - PG7 (TX) and PG8 (RX)

* Based on forum confirmation that NUCLEO-L4R5ZI-P uses LPUART1

* with SB130 and SB131 closed for virtual COM port

*/

#include <stdint.h>

// Base addresses

#define RCC_BASE 0x40021000U

#define GPIOG_BASE 0x48001800U

#define LPUART1_BASE 0x40008000U

// RCC registers

#define RCC_AHB2ENR (*(volatile uint32_t*)(RCC_BASE + 0x4C))

#define RCC_APB1ENR2 (*(volatile uint32_t*)(RCC_BASE + 0x5C))

// GPIO registers

#define GPIOG_MODER (*(volatile uint32_t*)(GPIOG_BASE + 0x00))

#define GPIOG_AFRL (*(volatile uint32_t*)(GPIOG_BASE + 0x20))

#define GPIOG_AFRH (*(volatile uint32_t*)(GPIOG_BASE + 0x24))

// LPUART1 registers

#define LPUART1_CR1 (*(volatile uint32_t*)(LPUART1_BASE + 0x00))

#define LPUART1_BRR (*(volatile uint32_t*)(LPUART1_BASE + 0x0C))

#define LPUART1_ISR (*(volatile uint32_t*)(LPUART1_BASE + 0x1C))

#define LPUART1_TDR (*(volatile uint32_t*)(LPUART1_BASE + 0x28))

void delay(volatile uint32_t count)

{

while (count--) {

asm("nop");

}

}

int main(void)

{

// Enable clocks

RCC_AHB2ENR |= (1U << 6); // Enable GPIOG clock

RCC_APB1ENR2 |= (1U << 0); // Enable LPUART1 clock

// Configure PG7 (TX) as alternate function

GPIOG_MODER &= ~(3U << 14); // Clear PG7 mode bits (bits 14-15)

GPIOG_MODER |= (2U << 14); // Set PG7 as alternate function (10 binary)

// Configure PG8 (RX) as alternate function

GPIOG_MODER &= ~(3U << 16); // Clear PG8 mode bits (bits 16-17)

GPIOG_MODER |= (2U << 16); // Set PG8 as alternate function (10 binary)

// Set PG7 to AF8 (LPUART1_TX) - PG7 uses AFRL register

GPIOG_AFRL &= ~(0xF << 28); // Clear AF bits for PG7 (bits 28-31)

GPIOG_AFRL |= (8U << 28); // Set AF8 for PG7

// Set PG8 to AF8 (LPUART1_RX) - PG8 uses AFRH register

GPIOG_AFRH &= ~(0xF << 0); // Clear AF bits for PG8 (bits 0-3)

GPIOG_AFRH |= (8U << 0); // Set AF8 for PG8

// Configure LPUART1 for 9600 baud with 4MHz clock

// LPUART BRR = (256 * clock_freq) / baud_rate

// BRR = (256 * 4000000) / 9600 = 106666

LPUART1_BRR = 106666;

// Enable transmitter, receiver, and LPUART1

LPUART1_CR1 = (1U << 3) | (1U << 2) | (1U << 0); // TE | RE | UE

while (1)

{

// Wait until transmit data register is empty

while (!(LPUART1_ISR & (1U << 7))); // Wait for TXE flag (bit 7)

// Send single letter 'X'

LPUART1_TDR = 'X';

delay(1000000); // 1 second delay between 'X' characters

}

}