Is it possible to record a video at the frame rate of 24 fps by using STM32F407VG on an external sd card?

Check out the throughput of the interfaces/peripherals you want to use.

That gives you an estimate of the maximal resolution you could record in real time.

Something like 64x48 pixels might work.

I will definitely

Thanks a lot Ozone.

The upper ceiling on the F407 design is perhaps 18.75 MBps, although the writing to most cards is significantly slower than reading, and some makes/models of cards being particularly slow writers.

The F4 can support the SDXC / Ultra cards although not at the lower signalling voltages.