Hello everyone. I am getting started with SPI and am here with what I believe to be a pretty simple mistake or oversight on my part that I am just not seeing. For the first part of this project, I wish to create a file named "write.txt" on my SD card using just my code in the NUCLEO-F411RE [though I believe the board I use doesn't make much of a difference as long as it is in the STM32F family(?)]. I am using SPI1 for this project (I disabled the LED attached to the SCK pin) and have decided to use pin PB2 as my CS--set the pin as a standard I/O). Here is my code:
my main.c file:
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "fatfs.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
FATFS fs;
FIL fil;
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;
UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void);
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART2_UART_Init();
MX_SPI1_Init();
MX_FATFS_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_Delay(500);
f_mount(&fs, "", 0);
f_open(&fil, "write.txt", FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE | FA_READ);
f_lseek(&fil, fil.fptr);
f_puts("Hello World\n", &fil);
f_close(&fil);
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
}
}
the fatfs_sd.c file that I have put into Core->Src folder (I got the two files below from this person: https://blog.naver.com/eziya76/221188701172:(
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define bool BYTE
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "diskio.h"
#include "fatfs_sd.h"
uint16_t Timer1, Timer2; /* 1ms Timer Counter */
static volatile DSTATUS Stat = STA_NOINIT; /* Disk Status */
static uint8_t CardType; /* Type 0:MMC, 1:SDC, 2:Block addressing */
static uint8_t PowerFlag = 0; /* Power flag */
/***************************************
* SPI functions
**************************************/
/* slave select */
static void SELECT(void)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SD_CS_PORT, SD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_Delay(1);
}
/* slave deselect */
static void DESELECT(void)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SD_CS_PORT, SD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_Delay(1);
}
/* SPI transmit a byte */
static void SPI_TxByte(uint8_t data)
{
while(!__HAL_SPI_GET_FLAG(HSPI_SDCARD, SPI_FLAG_TXE));
HAL_SPI_Transmit(HSPI_SDCARD, &data, 1, SPI_TIMEOUT);
}
/* SPI transmit buffer */
static void SPI_TxBuffer(uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t len)
{
while(!__HAL_SPI_GET_FLAG(HSPI_SDCARD, SPI_FLAG_TXE));
HAL_SPI_Transmit(HSPI_SDCARD, buffer, len, SPI_TIMEOUT);
}
/* SPI receive a byte */
static uint8_t SPI_RxByte(void)
{
uint8_t dummy, data;
dummy = 0xFF;
while(!__HAL_SPI_GET_FLAG(HSPI_SDCARD, SPI_FLAG_TXE));
HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(HSPI_SDCARD, &dummy, &data, 1, SPI_TIMEOUT);
return data;
}
/* SPI receive a byte via pointer */
static void SPI_RxBytePtr(uint8_t *buff)
{
*buff = SPI_RxByte();
}
/***************************************
* SD functions
**************************************/
/* wait SD ready */
static uint8_t SD_ReadyWait(void)
{
uint8_t res;
/* timeout 500ms */
Timer2 = 500;
/* if SD goes ready, receives 0xFF */
do {
res = SPI_RxByte();
} while ((res != 0xFF) && Timer2);
return res;
}
/* power on */
static void SD_PowerOn(void)
{
uint8_t args[6];
uint32_t cnt = 0x1FFF;
/* transmit bytes to wake up */
DESELECT();
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
SPI_TxByte(0xFF);
}
/* slave select */
SELECT();
/* make idle state */
args[0] = CMD0; /* CMD0:GO_IDLE_STATE */
args[1] = 0;
args[2] = 0;
args[3] = 0;
args[4] = 0;
args[5] = 0x95; /* CRC */
SPI_TxBuffer(args, sizeof(args));
/* wait response */
while ((SPI_RxByte() != 0x01) && cnt)
{
cnt--;
}
DESELECT();
SPI_TxByte(0XFF);
PowerFlag = 1;
}
/* power off */
static void SD_PowerOff(void)
{
PowerFlag = 0;
}
/* check power flag */
static uint8_t SD_CheckPower(void)
{
return PowerFlag;
}
/* receive data block */
static bool SD_RxDataBlock(BYTE *buff, UINT len)
{
uint8_t token;
/* timeout 200ms */
Timer1 = 200;
/* loop until receive a response or timeout */
do {
token = SPI_RxByte();
} while((token == 0xFF) && Timer1);
/* invalid response */
if(token != 0xFE) return FALSE;
/* receive data */
do {
SPI_RxBytePtr(buff++);
} while(len--);
/* discard CRC */
SPI_RxByte();
SPI_RxByte();
return TRUE;
}
/* transmit data block */
#if _USE_WRITE == 1
static bool SD_TxDataBlock(const uint8_t *buff, BYTE token)
{
uint8_t resp;
uint8_t i = 0;
/* wait SD ready */
if (SD_ReadyWait() != 0xFF) return FALSE;
/* transmit token */
SPI_TxByte(token);
/* if it's not STOP token, transmit data */
if (token != 0xFD)
{
SPI_TxBuffer((uint8_t*)buff, 512);
/* discard CRC */
SPI_RxByte();
SPI_RxByte();
/* receive response */
while (i <= 64)
{
resp = SPI_RxByte();
/* transmit 0x05 accepted */
if ((resp & 0x1F) == 0x05) break;
i++;
}
/* recv buffer clear */
while (SPI_RxByte() == 0);
}
/* transmit 0x05 accepted */
if ((resp & 0x1F) == 0x05) return TRUE;
return FALSE;
}
#endif /* _USE_WRITE */
/* transmit command */
static BYTE SD_SendCmd(BYTE cmd, uint32_t arg)
{
uint8_t crc, res;
/* wait SD ready */
if (SD_ReadyWait() != 0xFF) return 0xFF;
/* transmit command */
SPI_TxByte(cmd); /* Command */
SPI_TxByte((uint8_t)(arg >> 24)); /* Argument[31..24] */
SPI_TxByte((uint8_t)(arg >> 16)); /* Argument[23..16] */
SPI_TxByte((uint8_t)(arg >> 8)); /* Argument[15..8] */
SPI_TxByte((uint8_t)arg); /* Argument[7..0] */
/* prepare CRC */
if(cmd == CMD0) crc = 0x95; /* CRC for CMD0(0) */
else if(cmd == CMD8) crc = 0x87; /* CRC for CMD8(0x1AA) */
else crc = 1;
/* transmit CRC */
SPI_TxByte(crc);
/* Skip a stuff byte when STOP_TRANSMISSION */
if (cmd == CMD12) SPI_RxByte();
/* receive response */
uint8_t n = 10;
do {
res = SPI_RxByte();
} while ((res & 0x80) && --n);
return res;
}
/***************************************
* user_diskio.c functions
**************************************/
/* initialize SD */
DSTATUS SD_disk_initialize(BYTE drv)
{
uint8_t n, type, ocr[4];
/* single drive, drv should be 0 */
if(drv) return STA_NOINIT;
/* no disk */
if(Stat & STA_NODISK) return Stat;
/* power on */
SD_PowerOn();
/* slave select */
SELECT();
/* check disk type */
type = 0;
/* send GO_IDLE_STATE command */
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD0, 0) == 1)
{
/* timeout 1 sec */
Timer1 = 1000;
/* SDC V2+ accept CMD8 command, http://elm-chan.org/docs/mmc/mmc_e.html */
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD8, 0x1AA) == 1)
{
/* operation condition register */
for (n = 0; n < 4; n++)
{
ocr[n] = SPI_RxByte();
}
/* voltage range 2.7-3.6V */
if (ocr[2] == 0x01 && ocr[3] == 0xAA)
{
/* ACMD41 with HCS bit */
do {
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD55, 0) <= 1 && SD_SendCmd(CMD41, 1UL << 30) == 0) break;
} while (Timer1);
/* READ_OCR */
if (Timer1 && SD_SendCmd(CMD58, 0) == 0)
{
/* Check CCS bit */
for (n = 0; n < 4; n++)
{
ocr[n] = SPI_RxByte();
}
/* SDv2 (HC or SC) */
type = (ocr[0] & 0x40) ? CT_SD2 | CT_BLOCK : CT_SD2;
}
}
}
else
{
/* SDC V1 or MMC */
type = (SD_SendCmd(CMD55, 0) <= 1 && SD_SendCmd(CMD41, 0) <= 1) ? CT_SD1 : CT_MMC;
do
{
if (type == CT_SD1)
{
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD55, 0) <= 1 && SD_SendCmd(CMD41, 0) == 0) break; /* ACMD41 */
}
else
{
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD1, 0) == 0) break; /* CMD1 */
}
} while (Timer1);
/* SET_BLOCKLEN */
if (!Timer1 || SD_SendCmd(CMD16, 512) != 0) type = 0;
}
}
CardType = type;
/* Idle */
DESELECT();
SPI_RxByte();
/* Clear STA_NOINIT */
if (type)
{
Stat &= ~STA_NOINIT;
}
else
{
/* Initialization failed */
SD_PowerOff();
}
return Stat;
}
/* return disk status */
DSTATUS SD_disk_status(BYTE drv)
{
if (drv) return STA_NOINIT;
return Stat;
}
/* read sector */
DRESULT SD_disk_read(BYTE pdrv, BYTE* buff, DWORD sector, UINT count)
{
/* pdrv should be 0 */
if (pdrv || !count) return RES_PARERR;
/* no disk */
if (Stat & STA_NOINIT) return RES_NOTRDY;
/* convert to byte address */
if (!(CardType & CT_SD2)) sector *= 512;
SELECT();
if (count == 1)
{
/* READ_SINGLE_BLOCK */
if ((SD_SendCmd(CMD17, sector) == 0) && SD_RxDataBlock(buff, 512)) count = 0;
}
else
{
/* READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD18, sector) == 0)
{
do {
if (!SD_RxDataBlock(buff, 512)) break;
buff += 512;
} while (--count);
/* STOP_TRANSMISSION */
SD_SendCmd(CMD12, 0);
}
}
/* Idle */
DESELECT();
SPI_RxByte();
return count ? RES_ERROR : RES_OK;
}
/* write sector */
#if _USE_WRITE == 1
DRESULT SD_disk_write(BYTE pdrv, const BYTE* buff, DWORD sector, UINT count)
{
/* pdrv should be 0 */
if (pdrv || !count) return RES_PARERR;
/* no disk */
if (Stat & STA_NOINIT) return RES_NOTRDY;
/* write protection */
if (Stat & STA_PROTECT) return RES_WRPRT;
/* convert to byte address */
if (!(CardType & CT_SD2)) sector *= 512;
SELECT();
if (count == 1)
{
/* WRITE_BLOCK */
if ((SD_SendCmd(CMD24, sector) == 0) && SD_TxDataBlock(buff, 0xFE))
count = 0;
}
else
{
/* WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */
if (CardType & CT_SD1)
{
SD_SendCmd(CMD55, 0);
SD_SendCmd(CMD23, count); /* ACMD23 */
}
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD25, sector) == 0)
{
do {
if(!SD_TxDataBlock(buff, 0xFC)) break;
buff += 512;
} while (--count);
/* STOP_TRAN token */
if(!SD_TxDataBlock(0, 0xFD))
{
count = 1;
}
}
}
/* Idle */
DESELECT();
SPI_RxByte();
return count ? RES_ERROR : RES_OK;
}
#endif /* _USE_WRITE */
/* ioctl */
DRESULT SD_disk_ioctl(BYTE drv, BYTE ctrl, void *buff)
{
DRESULT res;
uint8_t n, csd[16], *ptr = buff;
WORD csize;
/* pdrv should be 0 */
if (drv) return RES_PARERR;
res = RES_ERROR;
if (ctrl == CTRL_POWER)
{
switch (*ptr)
{
case 0:
SD_PowerOff(); /* Power Off */
res = RES_OK;
break;
case 1:
SD_PowerOn(); /* Power On */
res = RES_OK;
break;
case 2:
*(ptr + 1) = SD_CheckPower();
res = RES_OK; /* Power Check */
break;
default:
res = RES_PARERR;
}
}
else
{
/* no disk */
if (Stat & STA_NOINIT) return RES_NOTRDY;
SELECT();
switch (ctrl)
{
case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:
/* SEND_CSD */
if ((SD_SendCmd(CMD9, 0) == 0) && SD_RxDataBlock(csd, 16))
{
if ((csd[0] >> 6) == 1)
{
/* SDC V2 */
csize = csd[9] + ((WORD) csd[8] << 😎 + 1;
*(DWORD*) buff = (DWORD) csize << 10;
}
else
{
/* MMC or SDC V1 */
n = (csd[5] & 15) + ((csd[10] & 128) >> 7) + ((csd[9] & 3) << 1) + 2;
csize = (csd[8] >> 6) + ((WORD) csd[7] << 2) + ((WORD) (csd[6] & 3) << 10) + 1;
*(DWORD*) buff = (DWORD) csize << (n - 9);
}
res = RES_OK;
}
break;
case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:
*(WORD*) buff = 512;
res = RES_OK;
break;
case CTRL_SYNC:
if (SD_ReadyWait() == 0xFF) res = RES_OK;
break;
case MMC_GET_CSD:
/* SEND_CSD */
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD9, 0) == 0 && SD_RxDataBlock(ptr, 16)) res = RES_OK;
break;
case MMC_GET_CID:
/* SEND_CID */
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD10, 0) == 0 && SD_RxDataBlock(ptr, 16)) res = RES_OK;
break;
case MMC_GET_OCR:
/* READ_OCR */
if (SD_SendCmd(CMD58, 0) == 0)
{
for (n = 0; n < 4; n++)
{
*ptr++ = SPI_RxByte();
}
res = RES_OK;
}
default:
res = RES_PARERR;
}
DESELECT();
SPI_RxByte();
}
return res;
}
the fatfs_sd.h file that I have put into Core->Inc folder (again, source: https://blog.naver.com/eziya76/221188701172:(
#ifndef __FATFS_SD_H
#define __FATFS_SD_H
/* Definitions for MMC/SDC command */
#define CMD0 (0x40+0) /* GO_IDLE_STATE */
#define CMD1 (0x40+1) /* SEND_OP_COND */
#define CMD8 (0x40+8) /* SEND_IF_COND */
#define CMD9 (0x40+9) /* SEND_CSD */
#define CMD10 (0x40+10) /* SEND_CID */
#define CMD12 (0x40+12) /* STOP_TRANSMISSION */
#define CMD16 (0x40+16) /* SET_BLOCKLEN */
#define CMD17 (0x40+17) /* READ_SINGLE_BLOCK */
#define CMD18 (0x40+18) /* READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */
#define CMD23 (0x40+23) /* SET_BLOCK_COUNT */
#define CMD24 (0x40+24) /* WRITE_BLOCK */
#define CMD25 (0x40+25) /* WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */
#define CMD41 (0x40+41) /* SEND_OP_COND (ACMD) */
#define CMD55 (0x40+55) /* APP_CMD */
#define CMD58 (0x40+58) /* READ_OCR */
/* MMC card type flags (MMC_GET_TYPE) */
#define CT_MMC 0x01 /* MMC ver 3 */
#define CT_SD1 0x02 /* SD ver 1 */
#define CT_SD2 0x04 /* SD ver 2 */
#define CT_SDC 0x06 /* SD */
#define CT_BLOCK 0x08 /* Block addressing */
/* Functions */
DSTATUS SD_disk_initialize (BYTE pdrv);
DSTATUS SD_disk_status (BYTE pdrv);
DRESULT SD_disk_read (BYTE pdrv, BYTE* buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
DRESULT SD_disk_write (BYTE pdrv, const BYTE* buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
DRESULT SD_disk_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, BYTE cmd, void* buff);
#define SPI_TIMEOUT 100
extern SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;
#define HSPI_SDCARD &hspi1
#define SD_CS_PORT GPIOB
#define SD_CS_PIN GPIO_PIN_2
#endif
What I get on the console when I run this code:
(I have changed the speed).
I know for a fact that this is a tall order for anyone, I was just hoping that a person with more experience knew a better way to go about this. I have the sneaking suspicion I have made this into a far more complicated task than it truly is, I would appreciate any criticism and resources you can spare.
1 ACCEPTED SOLUTION
Accepted Solutions
