Hello @dlaum.1 and welcome to the community,
During the installation process of STM32CubeIDE the human input is mandatory and it can't be a silent install.
In fact, you have to choose a destination folder, select user options, click through dialog screens such as license agreement and choose the GDB server components to be installed (Segger jlink and ST-link drivers) as shown in this user manual.
Thanks,
Rim
