I'm going to guess here a little bit. The sensor emits an invisible flash of light, and it measures the time-of-flight until that light comes back. But if your target is small or particularly non-reflective, not enough light comes back to get a good measurement. One can generally spot people to 1.5m and can spot a hand to 60-80 cm.
If you think something is wrong, measure the distance one can 'see' to a large white wall. That should be to 2M. A non-white wall should go to 1.5M or a bit more.
Try a standard sheet of paper - it's a good known reference as white paper is about 88% reflective and it's of a known size.
From that sort of data, we can tell if your sensor meets expectations.
- john
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