Introduction For those developing applications that use low power modes, trying to achieve the current consumption numbers listed in the datasheet and performing general debugging can be troublesome. The purpose of this article is to give an overall...

Introduction Some STM32 MCUs embed two unique identifiers: a unique 96-bit unique identifier and device ID. This article shows how to both obtain these values in your code, and describe some possible use cases for them. 1. 96-bit unique ID This 96-b...

Introduction In some applications, specifically battery-powered ones, it is common for the supply voltage to drop as the battery discharges. Sometimes, both VDDA and VREF+ is powered directly by the battery. The problem with this is if the VDDA is b...

Introduction This article discusses the theory behind making a bit-bang driver as efficient as possible. In the bottom of this article, I have attached a single header file based bit-bang SPI controller mode 0 driver. 1. Pros and cons of a bit-bang ...

Although it is possible to program the option bytes through a debugger with a tool like STM32CubeProgrammer, there are many times where it is necessary or helpful to program the options bytes in the runtime of the application. The STM32 HAL libraries...