HAL_SPI_Transmit() returns HAL_ERROR STM32H7R3V8H6

[dfshea]

Hello, 

I'm running into an issue interfacing the STM32H7R3V8H6 with a MAX31856 where whenever I try to use any sort of SPI functionality, it returns HAL_Error. This issue surprises me because the code that I am using is identical to the code I used on another H7 chip and that worked.

Things I have tried:

1. Lowering the SPI clock speed.

2. Ensuring that the SPI and CS pins were set up correctly (CS pin was set to digital output and the GPIO was configured for the application not the boot. Same for the SPI pins.)

3. Changing the SPI GPIO pin speed to very fast.

4. Probing the signals with an oscilloscope (I couldn't get very good results since I'm probing the pins on a custom board, but I was able to verify that SCK was working, but I couldn't determine if MISO or MOSI was functional)

5. Switching SPI from SPI1 to SPI3.

For reference I am using SPI1/3 on pins PB3, PB4, and PB5.

#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi3;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
static void MPU_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_SPI3_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MPU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
  MPU_Config();

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Update SystemCoreClock variable according to RCC registers values. */
  SystemCoreClockUpdate();

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_SPI3_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  uint8_t byteBuf;

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOM, GPIO_PIN_8, 0);
	HAL_StatusTypeDef ret = HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi3, 0x01, 1, 100);
	ret = HAL_SPI_Receive(&hspi3, &byteBuf, 1, 100);
	  //HAL_Delay(10);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOM, GPIO_PIN_8, 1);
	HAL_Delay(10);
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief SPI3 Initialization Function
  *  None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_SPI3_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI3_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI3_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI3_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI3_Init 1 */
  /* SPI3 parameter configuration*/
  hspi3.Instance = SPI3;
  hspi3.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
  hspi3.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
  hspi3.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
  hspi3.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
  hspi3.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
  hspi3.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
  hspi3.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_32;
  hspi3.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
  hspi3.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
  hspi3.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
  hspi3.Init.CRCPolynomial = 0x7;
  hspi3.Init.NSSPMode = SPI_NSS_PULSE_ENABLE;
  hspi3.Init.NSSPolarity = SPI_NSS_POLARITY_LOW;
  hspi3.Init.FifoThreshold = SPI_FIFO_THRESHOLD_01DATA;
  hspi3.Init.MasterSSIdleness = SPI_MASTER_SS_IDLENESS_00CYCLE;
  hspi3.Init.MasterInterDataIdleness = SPI_MASTER_INTERDATA_IDLENESS_00CYCLE;
  hspi3.Init.MasterReceiverAutoSusp = SPI_MASTER_RX_AUTOSUSP_DISABLE;
  hspi3.Init.MasterKeepIOState = SPI_MASTER_KEEP_IO_STATE_DISABLE;
  hspi3.Init.IOSwap = SPI_IO_SWAP_DISABLE;
  hspi3.Init.ReadyMasterManagement = SPI_RDY_MASTER_MANAGEMENT_INTERNALLY;
  hspi3.Init.ReadyPolarity = SPI_RDY_POLARITY_HIGH;
  if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi3) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI3_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI3_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  *  None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOM_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOM, GPIO_PIN_8, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PM8 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_8;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOM, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

 /* MPU Configuration */

static void MPU_Config(void)
{
  MPU_Region_InitTypeDef MPU_InitStruct = {0};

  /* Disables the MPU */
  HAL_MPU_Disable();

  /** Initializes and configures the Region and the memory to be protected
  */
  MPU_InitStruct.Enable = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
  MPU_InitStruct.Number = MPU_REGION_NUMBER0;
  MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress = 0x0;
  MPU_InitStruct.Size = MPU_REGION_SIZE_4GB;
  MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x87;
  MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
  MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_NO_ACCESS;
  MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_DISABLE;
  MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable = MPU_ACCESS_SHAREABLE;
  MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_CACHEABLE;
  MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;

  HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
  /* Enables the MPU */
  HAL_MPU_Enable(MPU_PRIVILEGED_DEFAULT);

}

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  *   file: pointer to the source file name
  *   line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

EDIT: I probed again with an oscilloscope and I'm actually pretty sure that SCK isn't working either, so I was likely mistaken before.

[TDK]

You’re passing 0x01 instead of a pointer to data. Surely this isnt intentional right?

should be getting a warning when compiling.

step through the code during debugging and see where/why it’s returning HAL_ERROR.

[dfshea]

To address your first question, intentional, just bad practice. However I went ahead and changed it to a pointer to a uint8_t since that's a good idea, and I'm still running into the same issue. I stepped through the code and found this call:

  /* Wait for Tx (and CRC) data to be sent */
  if (SPI_WaitOnFlagUntilTimeout(hspi, SPI_FLAG_EOT, RESET, Timeout, tickstart) != HAL_OK)
  {
    SET_BIT(hspi->ErrorCode, HAL_SPI_ERROR_FLAG);
  }

Thank you for your help!

[TDK]

Are the spi pins set to very high frequency? Try doing that and/or setting spi speed to minimum.

[dfshea]

I have tried both of those things and unfortunately I'm still getting the same error.

[dfshea]

Still not sure what exactly is causing the problem, but the flag SPI_FLAG_EOT isn't getting set and that is where it is getting stuck:

 while ((__HAL_SPI_GET_FLAG(hspi, Flag) ? SET : RESET) == Status)
  {
    /* Check for the Timeout */
    if ((((HAL_GetTick() - Tickstart) >=  Timeout) && (Timeout != HAL_MAX_DELAY)) || (Timeout == 0U))
    {
      return HAL_TIMEOUT;
    }
  }

[TDK]

Sounds like your SCK pin is shorted to ground.

[dfshea]

Hm, that would make sense, we just probed it with a multimeter though and it wasn't shorted to ground.

[TDK]

Set it as an output and toggle it and observe on a scope.

[dfshea]

Smart! I’ll try that later today when I get to the office and let you know what I find.