How to deploy a custom PyTorch AI model on the STM32N6570?

[llcc]

I want to deploy a PyTorch AI model on the STM32N6570. I have already trained the model and converted it to an ONNX file. I’m looking for a quantization, compilation, and deployment example or tutorial. The speech enhancement example in the STM32 AI Model Zoo Services doesn't match my use case. Although the input shape is the same, my model does not require any pre-processing. I only want to feed input data into the model and observe the output. Also, I would like to know if it's possible to perform deployment without providing a dataset.

[Julian E.]

Hello @llcc,

To do so you need to store your application and model in external flash (to avoid being erased on reboot) and create a FSBL to load your application and model to the internal ram on startup.

You can read more about that here:

https://community.st.com/t5/stm32-mcus/how-to-create-an-stm32n6-fsbl-load-and-run/ta-p/768206

We are also working on a tutorial for the DK board that should explain that.

Have a good day,

Julian

[llcc]

Recently, when I run the above command, I always get the following error. How can I fix this?

python D:\stm32edgeai\stedgeai\2.1\scripts\N6_scripts\n6_loader.py

07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- Preparing compiler GCC
07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- Setting a breakpoint in main.c at line 125 (before the infinite loop)
07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- Copying network.c to project: -> D:\stm32edgeai\stedgeai\2.1\Projects\STM32N6570-DK\Applications\NPU_Validation\X-CUBE-AI\App\network.c
07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- Extracting information from the c-file
07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- Converting memory files in results/<model>/generation/ to Intel-hex with proper offsets
07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- arm-none-eabi-objcopy.exe --change-addresses 0x71000000 -Ibinary -Oihex network_atonbuf.xSPI2.raw network_atonbuf.xSPI2.hex
07/11/2025 02:22:16 PM  __main__ -- Resetting the board...
07/11/2025 02:22:18 PM  __main__ -- Flashing memory xSPI2 -- 38.913 kB
07/11/2025 02:22:19 PM  __main__ -- Building project (conf= N6-DK)
07/11/2025 02:22:24 PM  __main__ -- Compilation failed
07/11/2025 02:22:24 PM  __main__ -- Start operation did not achieve successfully

Thanks! 

[SlothGrill]

Hello
Can you share the `compilation.log` file ? 

[llcc]

D:\msys2\msys2\usr\bin\make.exe all GCC_PATH=D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin BUILD_CONF=N6-DK

echo 

D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/main.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/stm32n6xx_it.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/md5.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/system_clock_config.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/misc_toolbox.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/npu_cache.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/mcu_cache.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiPbIO.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiPbMemRWServices.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiPbMgr.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiTestHelper.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiTestUtility.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/ai_device_adaptor.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/lc_print.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/pb_common.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/pb_decode.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/pb_encode.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/stm32msg.pb.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/network.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_cipher.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_dbgtrc.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_debug.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_lib.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_lib_sw_operators.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_rt_main.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_runtime.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_util.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_sw_float.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_sw_integer.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ecloader.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/atonn/ai_wrapper_ATON.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/atonn/aiValidation_ATON.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/atonn/ai_io_buffers_ATON.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/Components/aps256xx/aps256xx.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/Components/mx66uw1g45g/mx66uw1g45g.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/STM32N6570-DK/stm32n6570_discovery.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/STM32N6570-DK/stm32n6570_discovery_xspi.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/STM32N6570-DK/stm32n6570_discovery_bus.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32N6xx/Source/Templates/system_stm32n6xx_fsbl.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_bsec.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_cacheaxi.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_cortex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_gpio.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_i2c.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_i2c_ex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_pwr.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_pwr_ex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_rcc.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_rcc_ex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_rif.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_uart.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_xspi.o build/startup_stm32n657xx.o  -mcpu=cortex-m55 -mcmse -mthumb -mfpu=auto -mfloat-abi=hard -specs=nano.specs -T./STM32N657xx.ld -L../../../Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Lib/GCC/ARMCortexM55 -lc -lm -lnosys -l:NetworkRuntime1010_CM55_GCC.a -Wl,--wrap=malloc --verbose -Wl,-Map=build/Project.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--print-memory-usage -o build/Project.elf
Using built-in specs.
Reading specs from D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/nano.specs
rename spec link to nano_link
rename spec link_gcc_c_sequence to nano_link_gcc_c_sequence
rename spec cpp_unique_options to nano_cpp_unique_options
COLLECT_GCC=D:\Stm32Cubbeide\STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0\STM32CubeIDE\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623\tools\bin\arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/lto-wrapper.exe
Target: arm-none-eabi
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Thread model: single
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 12.3.1 20230626 (GNU Tools for STM32 12.3.rel1.20240612-1315) 
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-LD:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc -LD:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib -LD:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../arm-none-eabi/lib build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/main.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/stm32n6xx_it.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/md5.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/system_clock_config.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/misc_toolbox.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/npu_cache.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/mcu_cache.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiPbIO.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiPbMemRWServices.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiPbMgr.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiTestHelper.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/aiTestUtility.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/ai_device_adaptor.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/lc_print.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/pb_common.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/pb_decode.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/pb_encode.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/stm32msg.pb.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/App/network.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_cipher.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_dbgtrc.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_debug.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_lib.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_lib_sw_operators.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_rt_main.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_runtime.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_aton_util.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_sw_float.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ll_sw_integer.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/../../../../Middlewares/ST/AI/Npu/ll_aton/ecloader.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/atonn/ai_wrapper_ATON.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/atonn/aiValidation_ATON.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/X-CUBE-AI/atonn/ai_io_buffers_ATON.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/Components/aps256xx/aps256xx.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/Components/mx66uw1g45g/mx66uw1g45g.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/STM32N6570-DK/stm32n6570_discovery.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/STM32N6570-DK/stm32n6570_discovery_xspi.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/BSP/STM32N6570-DK/stm32n6570_discovery_bus.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32N6xx/Source/Templates/system_stm32n6xx_fsbl.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_bsec.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_cacheaxi.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_cortex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_gpio.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_i2c.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_i2c_ex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_pwr.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_pwr_ex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_rcc.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_rcc_ex.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_rif.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_uart.o build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Drivers/STM32N6xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32n6xx_hal_xspi.o build/startup_stm32n657xx.o -lc_nano -lm -lnosys -l:NetworkRuntime1010_CM55_GCC.a --wrap=malloc -Map=build/Project.map --cref --gc-sections --print-memory-usage --start-group -lgcc -lc_nano --end-group --start-group -lgcc -lc_nano --end-group D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard/crtend.o D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard/crtn.o -T ./STM32N657xx.ld
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-closer.o): in function `_close_r':
(.text._close_r+0xc): warning: _close is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-fstatr.o): in function `_fstat_r':
(.text._fstat_r+0xe): warning: _fstat is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-signalr.o): in function `_getpid_r':
(.text._getpid_r+0x0): warning: _getpid is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-isattyr.o): in function `_isatty_r':
(.text._isatty_r+0xc): warning: _isatty is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-signalr.o): in function `_kill_r':
(.text._kill_r+0xe): warning: _kill is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lseekr.o): in function `_lseek_r':
(.text._lseek_r+0x10): warning: _lseek is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v8-m.main+dp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-readr.o): in function `_read_r':
(.text._read_r+0x10): warning: _read is not implemented and will always fail
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: warning: build/Project.elf has a LOAD segment with RWX permissions
D:/Stm32Cubbeide/STM32CubeIDE_1.16.0/STM32CubeIDE/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.12.3.rel1.win32_1.0.200.202406191623/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: build/Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/main.o: in function `main':
D:/stm32edgeai/stedgeai/2.1/Projects/STM32N6570-DK/Applications/NPU_Validation/armgcc/../../../Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/main.c:134: undefined reference to `in_0'
Memory region         Used Size  Region Size  %age Used
      AXISRAM1_S:      194512 B         1 MB     18.55%
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [Makefile:276: build/Project.elf] Error 1

[SlothGrill]

The error message from the compiler is

Applications/NPU_Validation/Core/Src/main.c:134: undefined reference to `in_0'

This symbol is not in the original code (might be a part of code you added for debug purposes).

Could you fix the source code and retry ?