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Regarding the use of DMA to transfer ADC data

ChenJingtai
Associate II

‎2026-05-01 1:01 PM

Hello everyone, I recently encountered a strange BUG.
I use DMA to transfer ADC data. Previously, this program was configured this way without any problem, but it suddenly doesn't work these two days. What's even stranger is that I used STlink in the IT file to HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_adc1); Break point. The value can be read out during debugging, but the serial port still doesn't work.The development environment is CubeIDE1.18.1

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ChenJingtai
Associate II

‎2026-05-01 1:03 PM 

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
 ******************************************************************************
 * @file           : main.c
 * @brief          : Main program body
 ******************************************************************************
 * @attention
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
 * in the root directory of this software component.
 * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
uint8_t ADC_FLAG = 0; //采样完成标志位
char message[50] = ""; //串口信息拼接
#define ADC_value_len 1 //DMA缓冲区长度(必须是规则组通道数的整数倍)
uint32_t value[ADC_value_len]; //ADC数值数组(由于DMA限制,必须是uint32_t类型)
/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc1;
DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_adc1;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_DMA_Init(void);
static void MX_ADC1_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
//ADC_DMA完成转换中断
void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef *hadc) {
	if (hadc == &hadc1) {
		ADC_FLAG = 1; //标志位置1
	}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
 * @brief  The application entry point.
 * @retval int
 */
int main(void) {

	/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

	/* USER CODE END 1 */

	/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

	/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
	HAL_Init();

	/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

	/* USER CODE END Init */

	/* Configure the system clock */
	SystemClock_Config();

	/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

	/* USER CODE END SysInit */

	/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
	MX_GPIO_Init();
	MX_DMA_Init();
	MX_ADC1_Init();
	MX_USART1_UART_Init();
	/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, (uint32_t*) value, ADC_value_len); //启动ADC_DMA(ADC指针,目标数组的指针,搬运的次数)
	/* USER CODE END 2 */

	/* Infinite loop */
	/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
	while (1) {
		/* USER CODE END WHILE */

		/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
		if (ADC_FLAG == 1) {
			//标志位重置
			ADC_FLAG = 0; //标志位置0
			sprintf(message, "ADC_DMA_0数值 %d \r\n", (int) value[0]); //DMA数组的长度(uint32_t),但ADC只占了12位,所以可以强转为int
			HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t*) message, strlen(message),100); //发送信息（中断串口）
		}
	}
	/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
 * @brief System Clock Configuration
 * @retval None
 */
void SystemClock_Config(void) {
	RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = { 0 };
	RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = { 0 };

	/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
	 */
	__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

	/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
	 * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
	 */
	RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
	if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}

	/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
	 */
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
			| RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;

	if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
}

/**
 * @brief ADC1 Initialization Function
 * @PAram None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_ADC1_Init(void) {

	/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 0 */

	/* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 0 */

	ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = { 0 };

	/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 1 */

	/* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 1 */

	/** Configure the global features of the ADC (Clock, Resolution, Data Alignment and number of conversion)
	 */
	hadc1.Instance = ADC1;
	hadc1.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_SYNC_PCLK_DIV4;
	hadc1.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
	hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
	hadc1.Init.ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
	hadc1.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
	hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
	hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
	hadc1.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
	hadc1.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
	hadc1.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = ENABLE;
	hadc1.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
	if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc1) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}

	/** Configure for the selected ADC regular channel its corresponding rank in the sequencer and its sample time.
	 */
	sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_0;
	sConfig.Rank = 1;
	sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_3CYCLES;
	if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
	/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 2 */

	/* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 2 */

}

/**
 * @brief USART1 Initialization Function
 * @PAram None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void) {

	/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */

	/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */

	/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */

	/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
	huart1.Instance = USART1;
	huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
	huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
	huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
	huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
	huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
	huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
	huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
	if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK) {
		Error_Handler();
	}
	/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */

	/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */

}

/**
 * Enable DMA controller clock
 */
static void MX_DMA_Init(void) {

	/* DMA controller clock enable */
	__HAL_RCC_DMA2_CLK_ENABLE();

	/* DMA interrupt init */
	/* DMA2_Stream0_IRQn interrupt configuration */
	HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA2_Stream0_IRQn, 0, 0);
	HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA2_Stream0_IRQn);

}

/**
 * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
 * @PAram None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void) {
	/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

	/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

	/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

	/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */

	/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
 * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
 * @retval None
 */
void Error_Handler(void) {
	/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
	/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
	__disable_irq();
	while (1) {
	}
	/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @PAram  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @PAram  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
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