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Emanuele78
Associate II
October 10, 2024
Question

DS18B20 Sensor Detection via ONE-WIRE (1-Wire) Protocol

  • October 10, 2024
  • 13 replies
  • 6410 views
Hi, where can I find a working One-Wire protocol? Is there an example provided by STM? I wrote code for a program to detect the temperature from a DS18B20 sensor, but I can’t detect the sensor, even though the debug shows everything is fine. Can someone help me? Thanks
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13 replies

Emanuele78Author
Associate II
October 10, 2024

Hi, where can I find a working One-Wire protocol? Is there an example provided by STM? I wrote code for a program to detect the temperature from a DS18B20 sensor, but I can’t detect the sensor, even though the debug shows everything is fine. Can someone help me? Thanks

Andrew Neil
Andrew Neil
Super User
October 10, 2024
@Emanuele78 wrote:
where can I find a working One-Wire protocol?

From the manufacturer:

https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/interfacing-the-ds18x20ds1822-1wire-temperature-sensor-in-a-microcontroller-environment.html

See also:

https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/using-a-uart-to-implement-a-1wire-bus-master.html

 

Useful background info:

https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/guidelines-for-reliable-long-line-1wire-networks.html

https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/advanced-1-wire-network-driver.html

https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/choosing-right-1-wire-master-for-embedded-applications.html

 

There are also UART-to-1-Wire and I2C-to-1-Wire hardware bridge chips.

 

@Emanuele78 wrote:
 even though the debug shows everything is fine.  

What "debug" is that?

Did you look at the 1-Wire line with an oscilloscope to see what was actually happening?

A useful feature of 1-Wire is that the timing between "Slots" (ie, bits) is non-critical - so you can step your code one complete Slot at a time ...

 

#1Wire

A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work.
    Emanuele78Author
    Associate II
    October 10, 2024

    Thanks, I will try to compare the links with my code.

    Unfortunately, I don't have an oscilloscope, but if necessary, I will make sure to get one

    I performed a debug with CUBEIDE using F6, placing breakpoints to check if the microcontroller detects the sensor, but it never finds it. The quantity variable in the following code is always zero.

    /* Infinite loop */

/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */



while (1)

{

DS18B20_ReadAll();

HAL_GPIO_WritePin(Test_GPIO_Port, Test_Pin, 1);

DS18B20_StartAll();

HAL_GPIO_WritePin(Test_GPIO_Port, Test_Pin, 0);

uint8_t ROM_tmp[8];

uint8_t i;



int quantity = DS18B20_Quantity(); // quantity always = 0
    Andrew Neil
    Andrew Neil
    Super User
    October 10, 2024

    Please see the Posting Tips for how to properly post source code:

    https://community.st.com/t5/community-guidelines/how-to-write-your-question-to-maximize-your-chances-to-find-a/ta-p/575228

     

    @Emanuele78 wrote:

    I performed a debug with CUBEIDE using F6, placing breakpoints to check if the microcontroller detects the sensor, but it never finds it. T= 0

    Getting the correct timing on the wire is critical to 1-Wire operation - the CubeIDE debugger will not tell you anything about that.

    It's also essential that your external hardware is correct - again, the CubeIDE debugger will not tell you anything about that.

    This is why an oscilloscope is an essential tool for embedded firmware development: you need to be able to see what's happening in the real world of the hardware - not just the software.

    https://community.st.com/t5/stm32-mcus-products/i-ran-printf-over-uart-but-the-results-were-not-displayed-in/m-p/723772/highlight/true#M261747

     

    A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work.
    nimaltd
    Senior
    September 19, 2025

    Hi. I released new one wire library. It is non-blocking and can run on any pins.

    Https://github.com/nimaltd/ow

      Andrew Neil
      Andrew Neil
      Super User
      September 19, 2025

      EDIT: Oops - I missed that this is an old post (nearly a year), which has just been woken up by @nimaltd

      So all of this has pretty much been said already:

       

      First call should always be to see what the manufacturer says:

      Choosing the Right 1-Wire Master for the Embedded Applications

       

      Application Note 148: Guidelines for Reliable Long Line 1-Wire® Networks

      There is basic, MCU-independent code here:

      Interfacing the DS18X20/DS1822 1-Wire® Temperature Sensor in a Microcontroller Environment

       

      See also:

      https://community.st.com/t5/stm32-mcus-embedded-software/ds18b20-sensor-detection-via-one-wire-1-wire-protocol/m-p/729945/highlight/true#M55860

       

      @Emanuele78 wrote:
      even though the debug shows everything is fine.

      Clearly everything is not fine - it doesn't work!

       

      A software debugger probably won't show hardware problems.

      Are you sure that the DS18B20 actually works?

      Is it wired correctly?

      Please show your schematics; some good, clear photos of your setup may also help - see:

      How to write your question to maximize your chances to find a solution

       

      Have you used an oscilloscope to see what's actually happening on the wire?

      The DS18B20 datasheet & links above show what you should be seeing...

       

      Note that DS18B20 are commonly faked - are you sure you have a genuine one?

      Does it work with any other controller; eg, Arduino?

      See:

      https://community.st.com/t5/others-stm32-mcus-related/ds18b20-one-works-one-doesn-t-on-stm32l071-both-ok-on-arduino/m-p/833866/highlight/true#M7818

      @Emanuele78 Are you still there? Did you fix this?

      A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work.
      nimaltd
      Senior
      September 19, 2025

      Yes :) @Andrew Neil 

      Because I released a library. It is non-blocking and very simple. And ready to use. I tested with 2 ds18b20 on bus and works perfectly. 

       

        Andrew Neil
        Andrew Neil
        Super User
        September 19, 2025

        Just to collect together some more 1-WireTM tips:

        1. Although the timing within a bit frame is critical, the timing between bits is not.
          So a blocking implementation only really needs to block for each bit - not the whole transaction.
          This also helps debugging - you can still breakpoint between bits.

        2. UART and SPI can be used to "synthesise" the timing.
          See, for example: Using a UART to Implement a 1-Wire Bus Master
          discussed here: Dallas iButton and UART.

        #1WireTips

        A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work.
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