What are these in hex file?

[-----????_---- ---??as]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 14:20

When I looked up the stlink utility , I couldnt see 1,2 and 3 shown in the figure?What are these can sb tell me about it?

#hexfile

[Tesla DeLorean]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 14:52

The .HEX file is in an Intel format that defines record structure.

1) Checksum field for the record

2) is a segment address, other records use 16-bit address, so only describe 64KB regions.

3) Is the record size, address, and type

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_HEX

 

[-----????_---- ---??as]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 14:57

I also found this line at the first line => :020000040800F2

and this two at the last line =>             :040000050800018965

                                                            :00000001FF

I didnt found these in intel hex 

[Tesla DeLorean]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 17:54

Did you read the Wiki? The .HEX is an ASCII encapsulation format, not all the record content gets into the memory of the device.

Record Type 04 at the front is describing what memory window the following record fall into, ie 0x08000000 being the base of FLASH memory

Record Type 01 at the end is a terminal record

Record Type 05 is the execution/entry address, nominal points at Reset_Handler

[Andrei Chichak]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 18:48

The HEX file format was created by Intel in 1988 (

http://microsym.com/editor/assets/intelhex.pdf

 ). 

Don't confuse this file format with a file full of hexadecimal numbers. The HEX file format is intended for representing object code so that it can be placed correctly in a microcontroller's memory. Meanwhile, since disk space was really expensive, don't waste space by filling in unused memory locations. To do that a bunch of extra data is added.

There are addresses so that the code can be placed.

There are checksums so that the code can be verified to be correct.

There are checksums and record counts so that short files are detected before causing corrupted memory.

The file format was invented at a time where each record would be transferred, slowly, using a serial or parallel printer port, between a slow computer and the programming device. Each record should be checked using the checksum, and all records should be received and checksummed to make sure that the image is complete before actually writing the image into the PROM/EPROM/EEPROM/FLASH (since erasing could take 45 minutes). The programmer would then verify that the write was done properly by reading back the device and comparing it against the image without re-reading the image from the computer (since rereading the file would be slow and the device can't even request the image anyway).

If you don't think that the checksums and record counts, load addresses and terminators, are useful, you're on your own. A lot of these artifacts are historical, but they are there to help you.

Andrei

[Tesla DeLorean]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 19:41

>>

The HEX file format was created by Intel in 1988

The 32-bit additions perhaps, the format is at least a decade older than that. The Motorola S19 format was from the 1970's, and Intel had their equivalent for the 804x and 805x parts. See Motorola EXORmacs and Intel ISIS

[Tesla DeLorean]

Posted on August 11, 2017 at 19:45

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_HEX

 The German version cites 1973