Solved
[SOLVED] SCK idling high when SPI module is stopped
FIX: Enable pull-down resistor in SCK pin
Init parameters:
- CPOL=0 CPHA =0, so SCK level should be idling at LOW level.
- Software NSS
- Half-Duplex, master mode
Software: CubeIDE 1.9, CubeMX 6.5.0
Device: STM32F411CE
Issue:
- Regardless of the clock config, SCK is high if the SPI module is disabled.
- When enabling CS before calling HAL_SPI_Transmit/Receive, the slave sees SCK high, breaking the transfer.
- After a Transmit, the SPI module is left enabled, holding SCK low, so next transfer will work.
- After a Receive, SPI module is disabled, breaking SCK again.
The issue can be seen here:

