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Senior
Apr 24, 2024 3:35 PM UTC
Question

problem reading data from SCD30 with NUCLEO-L476RG

I am having issues with reading data from the SCD30 CO2 sensor. every byte of data I get back is 0xDD (or 221). I am still learning so my methods may be questionable. If anyone can help narrow down why this is happen and how to fix it, I would be very grateful. here is my code. 

 

 

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
 ******************************************************************************
 * @file : main.c
 * @brief : Main program body
 ******************************************************************************
 * @attention
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
 * in the root directory of this software component.
 * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c3;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
static const uint16_t SCD30_ADDR = 0x61 << 1; // Use 8-bit address
static const uint16_t CMD_READ_MEASUREMENT = 0x0300;
static const uint16_t CMD_GET_DATA_READY_STATUS = 0x0202;
static const uint16_t CMD_START_CONTINUOUS_MEASUREMENT = 0x0010;
static const uint16_t CMD_SET_MEASUREMENT_INTERVAL = 0x4600;
static const uint16_t CMD_STOP_CONTINUOUS_MEASUREMENT = 0x0104;

uint8_t Buffer[25] = {0};
uint8_t measurementData[18] = {0};
uint8_t newLine[] = "\r\n";
uint8_t tempMSG[] = "Temperature: ";
uint8_t humiMSG[] = "Humidity: ";
uint8_t buf[12] = {0};
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_I2C3_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
void convertUint16_tToUint8_tArray(uint16_t inputData, uint8_t *storageLocation);
void clearArray(uint8_t *storageLocation);
/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
 * @brief The application entry point.
 * @retval int
 */
int main(void)
{

 /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
	 int16_t val;
	 float temp_c;

 /* USER CODE END 1 */

 /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

 /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
 HAL_Init();

 /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

 /* USER CODE END Init */

 /* Configure the system clock */
 SystemClock_Config();

 /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

 /* USER CODE END SysInit */

 /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
 MX_GPIO_Init();
 MX_USART2_UART_Init();
 MX_I2C3_Init();
 /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
 //start continuous measurement mode.
 //@todo: crc function for write commands
 convertUint16_tToUint8_tArray(CMD_START_CONTINUOUS_MEASUREMENT, buf);
 while(HAL_OK != HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c3, SCD30_ADDR, buf, sizeof(buf), HAL_MAX_DELAY));
 memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
 //while(HAL_OK != HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c3, SCD30_ADDR, buf, sizeof(buf), HAL_MAX_DELAY));
 /* USER CODE END 2 */

 /* Infinite loop */
 /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
 while (1)
 {
 /* USER CODE END WHILE */

 /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
	 //condition the data to be sent to the device. the function also clears the array, so no need to use memset()
	 convertUint16_tToUint8_tArray(CMD_GET_DATA_READY_STATUS, buf);
	 // Tell SCD30 that we want to read from the temperature register

	 if(HAL_OK == HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c3, SCD30_ADDR, buf, sizeof(buf), HAL_MAX_DELAY))
	 {
	 	//clear buffer
	 memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	 //get data. in this case, whether or not the sensor is ready to send data
	 	HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(&hi2c3, SCD30_ADDR, buf, sizeof(buf), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
	 //sensor returns a '1' on the second byte if it is ready
	 if(buf[1])
	 {
		 	convertUint16_tToUint8_tArray(CMD_READ_MEASUREMENT, buf);
			 if(HAL_OK == HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c3, SCD30_ADDR, buf, sizeof(buf), HAL_MAX_DELAY))
			 {
			 	HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(&hi2c3, SCD30_ADDR, measurementData, sizeof(measurementData), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
			 }
	 }
	 }
 HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, measurementData, sizeof(measurementData), 10000);
 HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, newLine, sizeof(newLine), 10000);
 }
 /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
 * @brief System Clock Configuration
 * @retval None
 */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
 RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
 RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

 /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
 */
 if (HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }

 /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
 * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
 */
 RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 1;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 10;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV7;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
 RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
 if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }

 /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
 */
 RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
 |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
 RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
 RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
 RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
 RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

 if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }
}

/**
 * @brief I2C3 Initialization Function
 * @PAram None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_I2C3_Init(void)
{

 /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C3_Init 0 */

 /* USER CODE END I2C3_Init 0 */

 /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C3_Init 1 */

 /* USER CODE END I2C3_Init 1 */
 hi2c3.Instance = I2C3;
 hi2c3.Init.Timing = 0x30408CFF;
 hi2c3.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0;
 hi2c3.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
 hi2c3.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;
 hi2c3.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
 hi2c3.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;
 hi2c3.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
 hi2c3.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
 if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c3) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }

 /** Configure Analogue filter
 */
 if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c3, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }

 /** Configure Digital filter
 */
 if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigDigitalFilter(&hi2c3, 0) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }
 /* USER CODE BEGIN I2C3_Init 2 */

 /* USER CODE END I2C3_Init 2 */

}

/**
 * @brief USART2 Initialization Function
 * @PAram None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{

 /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */

 /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */

 /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */

 /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */
 huart2.Instance = USART2;
 huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
 huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
 huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
 huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
 huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
 huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
 huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
 huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
 huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
 if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
 {
 Error_Handler();
 }
 /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */

 /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */

}

/**
 * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
 * @PAram None
 * @retval None
 */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
 GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

 /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
 __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
 __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

 /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
 HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LD2_GPIO_Port, LD2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

 /*Configure GPIO pin : B1_Pin */
 GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = B1_Pin;
 GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_IT_FALLING;
 GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
 HAL_GPIO_Init(B1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

 /*Configure GPIO pin : LD2_Pin */
 GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LD2_Pin;
 GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
 GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
 GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
 HAL_GPIO_Init(LD2_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/*convert uint16 into a uint8 array. bytes are stored in the order of MSB to LSB.
 * ex: uint16_t input = 0x1234;
 * uint8_t output[25] = {0x4,0x3,0x2,0x1,0x0,...,0x0}
 */
void convertUint16_tToUint8_tArray(uint16_t inputData, uint8_t *storageLocation)
{
 int i = 0,
 j = 0;
 uint8_t temp;

 clearArray(storageLocation);

 //write data into the array
 for(i = 0; i < sizeof(inputData)*2; i++)
 	 storageLocation[i] = (inputData >> (4*i)) % (sizeof(inputData)*8);


 //reverse the data in the array. comment out depending on the endianness of the application.
 for(i = 0, j = (sizeof(inputData)*2)-1; i < j ;i++, j-- )
 {
 temp = storageLocation[i];
 storageLocation[i] = storageLocation[j];
 storageLocation[j] = temp;
 }
}

void clearArray(uint8_t *storageLocation)
{
	int i = 0;
	for(i = 0; i < sizeof(storageLocation)*8; i++) storageLocation[i] = 0;
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
 * @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
 * @retval None
 */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
 /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
 /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
 __disable_irq();
 while (1)
 {
 }
 /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
 * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
 * where the assert_param error has occurred.
 * @PAram file: pointer to the source file name
 * @PAram line: assert_param error line source number
 * @retval None
 */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
 /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
 /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
 ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
 /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

 

 

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9 replies

Tesla DeLorean
Guru
Apr 24, 2024 4:06 PM UTC

Link to the protocol document. Sending 12 bytes seems a bit odd. IMHO

Tips, Buy me a coffee, or three.. PayPal Venmo (See Profile) Up vote any posts that you find helpful, it shows what's working..
Senior
Apr 24, 2024 4:12 PM UTC

here is the link to the sensor and here is the link to the protocol document. I found another person's example code and took the 12 byte buffer from that. if you look on page 8 of the linked SCD30 document, using the HAL i2c function, I would be sending 5 bytes of data, CRC included. I think that's the part that's messing me up. I haven't been able to reproduce the example CRC with any calculator or example code and this MCU does not have integrated CRC functionality.

Andrew Neil
Super User
Apr 24, 2024 4:35 PM UTC

So the sensor supports I2C, MODBUS, and PWM - are you sure you have it in the correct mode?

The transmit is only 11 bytes of data: the I2C Address is specified separately - not included in the buffer:

AndrewNeil_0-1713976379713.png

 

For receiving, it's (up to) 9 bytes of data:

AndrewNeil_1-1713976502467.png

 

The sensor datasheet shows example scope traces - compare them to what you're seeing.

 

A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work.