You will find the maximum baudrates e.g. in the reference manual of the STM32F103 family:
USART: 4.5Mbit/s
SPI, I²S: 36Mbit/s
CAN: 1Mbit/s
As @Javier Muñoz mentioned, you can also see the baud rate with STM32CubeMX or the STM32CubeIDE, whereby the respective clock settings are taken into account. For example, with USART1 at HCLK = 72MHz, APB2 Prescaler = 1, the above mentioned 4.5Mbit/s can be achieved.
Regards
/Peter
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