Fatfs Stack and Heap Memoty Requirement

[Zt Liu]

Posted on April 24, 2017 at 12:28

Hi, there!

First time developing Fatfs with lovely STM32F091 Nucleo board. 

Have some serious memory problems here.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hardware: STM32F091 Nucleo board.

Llbrary: Cube F0 1.7

IDE: Keil uVision 5.14

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I am basically following the structure as in the example in

...\STM32Cube_FW_F0_V1.7.0\Projects\STM32F091RC-Nucleo\Applications\FatFs\FatFs_uSD

the simple functions like test f_mout, f_open, f_read, f_write were working in the beging.

As I wrote more and more codes, sometimes I have some stack or heap memory problems.

for example, 

setting 

Stack_Size EQU 0x800;

Heap_Size EQU 0x400;

in the startup file. (optimzed level 1)

As the the processing run to 

uint8_t BSP_SD_ReadBlocks(uint32_t* pData, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint16_t BlockSize, uint32_t NumberOfBlocks)

{

...

   ptr = malloc(sizeof(uint8_t)*BlockSize);

   if( ptr == NULL )

   {

      goto error;

   }

   memset(ptr, SD_DUMMY_BYTE, sizeof(uint8_t)*BlockSize);

   /* Data transfer */

   while (NumberOfBlocks--)

   {

   ...

   }

...

}

something i got a ptr with address like 0x2000005C8, however the NumberOfBlocks lies in 0x200000658, 

as memset function is called, 

0x2000005C8+ 512 > 0x200000658. I got a hard fault error.

Another case is occurred if i use less stack memory, something the initialized objects are changed.

For example, I got a SPI_HandleTypeDef sd_Spi, which is initialized in the 

DSTATUS USER_initialize (BYTE pdrv);

As the program runs, the sd_Spi.Instance may have an incorrect value, not the original SPIx base address.

I know that this is about stack and heap. 

I would like to know that is there any simple method to assess how much heap and stack do I need?

or is there any recommendation size for fatfs?

Thanks for reading this post!

#stm32f0 #spi #fatfs

[AvaTar]

Posted on April 24, 2017 at 12:50

Llbrary: Cube F0 1.7

I don't use Cube, nor I comment on this code.

But

malloc()

takes memory from the heap, not from the stack.

Not sure if Cube generates sensible values for both (heap + stack), better check yourself.

[Tesla DeLorean]

Posted on April 24, 2017 at 22:45

For the heap one can probe the memory arena by walking the allocator list, or use instrumented malloc/free to track usage. I would tend to avoid the type of malloc used here. ie rapid and repetitive

For the stack, one can generally probe the maximum depth periodically by checking a fill byte written into the stack allocation to see where it gets overwritten. Remember the stack moves downward from the end of the allocation, you'd write a check that starts at the beginning of the allocation and moves upward until it no longer encounters the fill byte.

It normally fills with zero, you might want a character you can recognize in the debugger easily, say 0xCD, or 0x23

[nichtgedacht]

Posted on April 24, 2017 at 23:59

Hi

I found it silly using malloc here and replaced it:

...
uint8_t block[BlockSize];
...
 //ptr = malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * BlockSize);
 ptr = (uint8_t *) █
// if (ptr == NULL)
// {
// goto error;
// }
...
// if (ptr != NULL)
// free(ptr);
�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?

Dieter

[Zt Liu]

Posted on April 25, 2017 at 03:25

Thanks, I just checked the heap and stack as you guys told me!

Wow, I found something incredible!!

*****************************************************************************************

First I set my stack and heap smaller as default in the startup files:

Stack_Size

EQU 0x600

;

AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3

Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size

__initial_sp

Heap_Size

EQU 0x400;

AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3

__heap_base

Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size

__heap_limit

Then I checked the output map file xxxx.map

I found those sentences:

*****************************************************************************************

...

HEAP 0x200005c0 Section 1024 startup_stm32f091xc.o(HEAP)

STACK 0x200009c0 Section 1536 startup_stm32f091xc.o(STACK)

...

__heap_base 0x200005c0 Data 0 startup_stm32f091xc.o(HEAP)

__heap_limit 0x200009c0 Data 0 startup_stm32f091xc.o(HEAP)

__initial_sp 0x20000fc0 Data 0 startup_stm32f091xc.o(STACK)

...

*****************************************************************************************

So, it should mean that I got:

---------------------------------(initial stack pointer 0x20000FC0, growing down)

|stack size 0x600|

---------------------------------(stack.heap limit

0x200009C0

)

|heap size 0x400|

---------------------------------(heap base 0x2000005C0, growing up)

|Data memory....|

*****************************************************************************************

Now I open my IDE and prepare to see how SP Register is going to grow,

Just in the main loop, not beginning doing anything, I got the above bizzare two disassembly

0x08003C6C 4B51 LDR r3,[pc,#324] ; @0x08003DB4

0x08003C6E 449D ADD sp,sp,r3

when these two instruction are executed, and then begin to HAL_Init(), my stack point immediately run to

0x200000988 ->already stack overflow!

**************************************************************************************************************

I would like to know what is taking these gigantic stack memory, just in the beginning of main loop!!

attached files are my map file and startup file.

I use cube MX and microlib option is enabled in the Keil IDE.

Please help me and thanks for reading this post!

________________

Attachments :

STM32F091xxx.map.zip : https://st--c.eu10.content.force.com/sfc/dist/version/download/?oid=00Db0000000YtG6&ids=0680X000006Hyho&d=%2Fa%2F0X0000000bBD%2FKke0pN5ZTm9jnmYwzb589pmyWygj7npYs0QgQHnW4iQ&asPdf=false

startup_stm32f091xc.s : https://st--c.eu10.content.force.com/sfc/dist/version/download/?oid=00Db0000000YtG6&ids=0680X000006HyZg&d=%2Fa%2F0X0000000bBE%2FxDov8bMiaGwAIaNdCcR0t2bSLYBSkA1HqCvWqQPIVKI&asPdf=false

[Zt Liu]

Posted on April 25, 2017 at 04:15

Ooooops! I just found that I made some serious mistakes.

I've created some big arrays in the main loop, should make them global!

So, the moral today: Never declare big arrays in the main function!

[AvaTar]

Posted on April 25, 2017 at 09:20

The map file would be one of the first places to check in those cases.

So, the moral today: Never declare big arrays in the main function!

There is nothing inherently wrong with declaring such arrays on the stack - if the live time and visibility fits your requirements, AND you make the stack large enough.

Mistakes and omissions are just human ...