Welcome, @teastain, to the community!
After a quick look at the specification of the M5Stack Stamp-IO, it looks like the included STM32F030F4P6 can be programmed via the SWD interface included on the Stamp-IO - if the Stamp-IO has not been protected against this. On the bottom side, the SWD connections can be found as 3V3, C (SWCLK), D (SWDIO), R (NRST) and GND.
Regarding the ST-Link V2 (Canaduino), however, it should be noted that this is a clone of the ST-LINK/V2 with probably illegally copied firmware, so STMicroelectronics cannot and will not make any statement about its suitability or function. But with an original ST-LINK, debugging and programming could succeed.
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Regards
/Peter
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