HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive() on SPI1 of Discovery board giving HAL_BUSY

[Sudharshan]

Hello STM32 community,

I'm currently working with the Discovery board and trying to implement SPI communication using the HAL library. Specifically, I am attempting to write data from the MOSI line and simultaneously read data from the MISO line using the HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive() function on SPI1.

However, I'm facing an issue where the HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive() function returns HAL_BUSY. I have verified the MOSI and MISO connections, and they are correctly wired. The SPI peripheral (SPI1) on the Discovery board is properly initialized and configured.

Here's a snippet of the code I'm using:

uint8_t txData = 0xAB; // Data to be transmitted
uint8_t rxData; // Data to be received

// Perform simultaneous transmit and receive
if (HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(&hspi1, &txData, &rxData, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY) == HAL_OK)
{
// Transmission and reception successful
// Process the received data as needed
}
else
{
// Transmission and reception failed
// Handle the error condition
}
I have tried increasing the delay using HAL_Delay() before calling HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(), but it did not resolve the issue.

I would appreciate any insights or suggestions to help me understand why HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive() is returning HAL_BUSY. Is it possible to perform simultaneous transmit and receive on SPI1 of the Discovery board using this function?

Thank you in advance for your assistance.

[JTP1]

Hello. How you have setup your SPI1, can you show the initialization code ?

[FBL]

Hello @Sudharshan,

Would you please also specify the STM32 product?  Would you screenshot the debug just before the fail?

[Sudharshan]

Hello! Thank you for reaching out. Below is SPI1 configuration

static void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{

/* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 0 */

/* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 0 */

/* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 1 */

/* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 1 */
/* SPI1 parameter configuration*/
hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_4BIT;
hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_HARD_OUTPUT;
hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_16;
hspi1.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
hspi1.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
hspi1.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
hspi1.Init.CRCPolynomial = 7;
hspi1.Init.CRCLength = SPI_CRC_LENGTH_DATASIZE;
hspi1.Init.NSSPMode = SPI_NSS_PULSE_ENABLE;
if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 2 */

/* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 2 */

}

[Sudharshan]

Hello,

Thank you for reaching out. we are working on Discovery Board part number STM32F072B-DISCO

Regarding the sentence "screenshot the debug just before the fail," . Could you please provide more information or context about what you meant by "screenshot the debug just before the fail"? This will help me better understand

[JTP1]

Have you test with 8 bit data instead of 4 bits ? 

[Sudharshan]

"Yes, I have tested with 8-bit data instead of 4 bits"

[Sudharshan]

I have been working on a project that involves SPI communication, and I would like to confirm if my GPIO configuration is correct. I have MOSI (Master Out Slave In) connected to MISO (Master In Slave Out) for SPI communication.

Here is my GPIO initialization code:

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, NCS_MEMS_SPI_Pin|EXT_RESET_Pin|LD3_Pin|LD6_Pin
|LD4_Pin|LD5_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

/*Configure GPIO pins : NCS_MEMS_SPI_Pin EXT_RESET_Pin LD3_Pin LD6_Pin
LD4_Pin LD5_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = NCS_MEMS_SPI_Pin|EXT_RESET_Pin|LD3_Pin|LD6_Pin
|LD4_Pin|LD5_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/*Configure GPIO pins : MEMS_INT1_Pin MEMS_INT2_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = MEMS_INT1_Pin|MEMS_INT2_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_EVT_RISING;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/*Configure GPIO pin : B1_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = B1_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_EVT_RISING;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(B1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* SPI SCK, MOSI, and MISO pin configuration */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7 ; // SCK and MOSI pins
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF0_SPI1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6; // MISO pin
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLDOWN;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF0_SPI1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* SPI NSS (Chip Select) pin configuration */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

[FBL]

Thank you for your feedback.

Regarding the screenshot, I meant, if possible, to share the state of the peripheral before returning HAL_BUSY.
I would recommend starting with cube example STM32CubeF0/Projects/STM32F072B-Discovery/Examples/SPI at master · STMicroelectronics/STM32CubeF0 · GitHub

/* Set the SPI parameters */
SpiHandle.Instance = SPIx;

SpiHandle.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_256;
SpiHandle.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
SpiHandle.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
SpiHandle.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
SpiHandle.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
SpiHandle.Init.CRCPolynomial = 7;
SpiHandle.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
SpiHandle.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
SpiHandle.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
SpiHandle.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
SpiHandle.Init.NSSPMode = SPI_NSS_PULSE_DISABLE;
SpiHandle.Init.CRCLength = SPI_CRC_LENGTH_8BIT;

If still having issues, please keep me updated.